Kainate and Nmda Toxicity for Cultured Developing and Adult Rat Spiral Ganglion Neurons: Further Evidence for a Glutamatergic Excitatory Neurotransmission at the Inner Hair Cell Synapse
[en] In the inner ear, the excitatory amino acid glutamate is a proposed neurotransmitter acting at the synapse between hair cells and afferent auditory neurons. Using cultures of 5-day-old rat auditory neurons, we show that the afferent auditory neuronal population can be divided, on the basis of its sensitivity to the neuronotoxic effect of glutamate and its analogs, in at least 3 subpopulations, one responding to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), one responding to kainate and a third minor one unresponsive to NMDA, kainic acid and glutamate. No toxic effect of quisqualate is observed. The use of specific antagonists (kynurenate and 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (DAP-5) demonstrates the specificity of the receptors to the excitatory amino acids on the afferent auditory neurons. Afferent auditory neurons from adult rats can also be cultured and in these preparations only the large neurons are sensitive to glutamate, kainate and NMDA while the small neurons are not responsive, suggesting that a glutamatergic neurotransmission occurs only at this synapse between the inner hair cells and the large radial afferent auditory neurons. We also show that, in vitro, the organ of Corti releases, in response to an increased potassium concentration and in the presence of calcium, a toxic activity for the afferent auditory neurons that is antagonized by kynurenate and DAP-5. Pathophysiological implications are discussed.
Lefèbvre, Philippe ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Oto-rhino-laryngologie et audiophonologie
Weber, T.
Leprince, Pierre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > CNCM/ Centre fac. de rech. en neurobiologie cell. et moléc.
Rigo, Jean-Michel; Université de Liège - ULiège
Delrée, Paul; Université de Liège - ULiège
Rogister, Bernard ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Biochimie et physiologie générales, et biochimie humaine
Moonen, Gustave ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Neurologie - Doyen de la Faculté de Médecine
Language :
English
Title :
Kainate and Nmda Toxicity for Cultured Developing and Adult Rat Spiral Ganglion Neurons: Further Evidence for a Glutamatergic Excitatory Neurotransmission at the Inner Hair Cell Synapse
Publication date :
26 July 1991
Journal title :
Brain Research
ISSN :
0006-8993
eISSN :
1872-6240
Publisher :
Elsevier, Netherlands
Volume :
555
Issue :
1
Pages :
75-83
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Funders :
F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique [BE] FRSM - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique Médicale [BE] FMRE - Fondation Médicale Reine Elisabeth [BE]
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