Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in the bitch. Review of the literature

Hamaide, Annick; Balligand, Marc; Verstegen, John

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Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in the bitch. Review of the literature

Hamaide, Annick; Balligand, Marc; Verstegen, John

2005 • In Annales de Médecine Vétérinaire, 149 (2), p. 75-92

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Abstract :

[en] Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence is characterized by unvoluntary urine leakage, worsening when the animal is recumbent or asleep, or during excitement. It mainly affects large breed dogs, and mostly middle-aged spayed bitches. The aetiology of this condition is multifactorial and predisposing factors include a decrease urethral tone, an intrapelvic bladder neck position, a short urethra, sterilisation, obesity, and age. Diagnostic workup should include a vaginourethrography to identify possible vaginal abnormalities and to visualize the urethra and the position of the bladder neck, and urethral profilometry to demonstrate a decrease in maximal urethral pressure and functional profile length. Medical treatment with oestriol is an option. This short-acting oestrogen does not exhibit oestrogenic side effects. Unfortunately, its success rate is only of 65 % of complete continence. The a- adrenergic agents ( phenylpropanolamine and ephedrine) are more efficacious, with a success rate reaching 75 to 90 %, with very few side effects. In absence of response to the treatment, or if the animal becomes refractory, a colposuspension can be recommended, with a fairly good prognosis.

Disciplines :

Veterinary medicine & animal health

Author, co-author :

Hamaide, Annick ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département clinique des animaux de compagnie et des équidés > Chirurgie des Petits Animaux

Balligand, Marc; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département Clinique des Animaux de Compagnie et des Equidés > Chirurgie des Petits Animaux

Verstegen, John

Language :

French

Title :

Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in the bitch. Review of the literature

Alternative titles :

[fr] L’incompétence du sphincter urétral chez la chienne. Revue de la littérature

Publication date :

2005

Journal title :

Annales de Médecine Vétérinaire

ISSN :

0003-4118

eISSN :

1781-3875

Publisher :

Annales Medecine Veterinaire, Liege, Belgium

Volume :

149

Issue :

Pages :

75-92

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 10 March 2009

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