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OPRs of Ammonia versus 14N/15N Ratios in CN in 15 Comets
Shinnaka, Yoshiharu; Kawakita, H.; Kobayashi, H. et al.
2010In Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 42, p. 961
 

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Abstract :
[en] The solar system was formed from interstellar matter 4.6 Gyrs ago and comets are considered as remnants of icy planetesimals formed in the early solar system. One of interesting primordial characters of cometary ice is an ortho-to-para abundance ratio (OPR) of molecules such as H2O, NH3, etc. The OPR probably indicates the molecular formation temperatures in the solar nebula or in the pre-solar molecular cloud. We determined the OPRs of ammonia by using the high dispersion optical spectra of NH2 in 15 comets: C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp), C/1999 S4 (LINEAR), C/2001 A2 (LINEAR), C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR), 153P/Ikeya-Zhang, C/2002 V1 (NEAT), C/2002 X5 (Kudo-Fujikawa), C/2002 Y1 (Juels-Holvorcem), C/2001 Q4 (NEAT), C/2002 T7 (LINEAR), C/2003 K4 (LINEAR), 8P/Tuttle, 88P/Howell, 9P/Tempel 1, and 73P-B and -C/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3. The observations were mainly carried out by the Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) mounted on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile. Other telescopes/instruments were also used in some cases. The OPRs of ammonia are determined from OPRs of NH2 (0,9,0) ro-vibronic band around 600 nm. Although absorption lines (by the telluric atmosphere) and cometary C2 emission lines blended affected to NH2 emission lines in this region, we removed them in our analysis. The determined OPRs of ammonia clustered around 30K but not in the cases of 73P-B and -C. This situation is very similar to that of 14N/15N ratios in CN (i.e., 73P-B and -C are quite peculiar relative to other comets). We discuss about the relationship between the OPRs of ammonia and 14N/15N ratios in CN in these 15 comets. Our results indicate the formation of materials at relatively higher temperatures for 73P-B and -C than other comets.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Shinnaka, Yoshiharu;  Kyoto Sangyo University, Japan
Kawakita, H.;  Kyoto Sangyo University, Japan
Kobayashi, H.;  Kyoto Sangyo University, Japan
Jehin, Emmanuel  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astrophysique et traitement de l'image
Manfroid, Jean  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO)
Hutsemekers, Damien ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astroph. extragalactique et observations spatiales (AEOS)
Arpigny, Claude ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO)
Language :
English
Title :
OPRs of Ammonia versus 14N/15N Ratios in CN in 15 Comets
Publication date :
01 October 2010
Audience :
International
Journal title :
Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society
ISSN :
0002-7537
eISSN :
2330-9458
Publisher :
American Astronomical Society, New York, United States - New York
Volume :
42
Pages :
961
Available on ORBi :
since 04 January 2011

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