Airway Obstruction/genetics/immunology/veterinary; Animals; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics; Horse Diseases/genetics/immunology/pathology; Horses; Hypersensitivity/genetics/immunology/pathology/veterinary; Insect Bites and Stings/immunology/veterinary
Abstract :
[en] Allergic diseases occur in most mammals, although some species such as humans, dogs and horses seem to be more prone to develop allergies than others. In horses, insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH), an allergic dermatitis caused by bites of midges, and recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), a hyperreactivity to stable born dust and allergens, are the two most prevalent allergic diseases. Allergic diseases involve the interaction of three major factors: (i) genetic constitution, (ii) exposure to allergens, and (iii) a dysregulation of the immune response determined by (i) and (ii). However, other environmental factors such as infectious diseases, contact with endotoxin and degree of infestation with endoparasites have been shown to influence the prevalence of allergic diseases in humans. How these factors may impact upon allergic disease in the horse is unknown at this time. The 3rd workshop on Allergic Diseases of the Horse, with major sponsorship from the Havemeyer Foundation, was held in Holar, Iceland, in June 2007 and focussed on immunological and genetic aspects of IBH and RAO. This particular venue was chosen because of the prevalence of IBH in exported Icelandic horses. The incidence of IBH is significantly different between Icelandic horses born in Europe or North America and those born in Iceland and exported as adults. Although the genetic factors and allergens are the same, exported adult horses show a greater incidence of IBH. This suggests that environmental or epigenetic factors may contribute to this response. This report summarizes the present state of knowledge and summarizes important issues discussed at the workshop.
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Marti, E.; University of Berne, 3001 Berne, Switzerland
Gerber, V.; University of Berne, 3001 Berne, Switzerland
Wilson, A. D.; University of Bristol School of clinical Veterinary Science, Langford House, Langford BS40 5DU, UK
Lavoie, J. P.; Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
Horohov, D.; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
Crameri, R.; Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Obere Strasse 22, CH-7270 Davos, Switzerland
Lunn, D. P.; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins 80523-1620, Colorado
Antczak, D.; College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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