[fr] La mort cellulaire active (apoptose) est un phénomène ubiquitaire dans les organismes multicellulaires. L'apoptose joue un rôle essentiel dans la genèse d'un cancer et dans la réponse au traitement oncologique. Les radiations ionisantes sont capables d'induire une mort mitotique et une mort apoptotique. Nous définissons les caractéristiques radiobiologiques de chaque type de mort cellulaire et situons l'importance de l'apoptose pour la réponse tumorale aux radiations ionisantes. La modulation de ce «suicide cellulaire» devrait permettre une amélioration de l'index thérapeutique mais ceci implique une connaissance approfondie des mécanismes qui règlent l'apoptose
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