Article (Scientific journals)
Sur la réalisation d'un liquide optiquement vide
Spring, Walthère
1899In Bulletins de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, XXXVII (3), p. 174-191
 

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Numérisations faites à partir de : Société Chimique de Belgique. Walthère Spring : Œuvres complètes. Bruxelles : Hayez, 1914-1923, 2 vol.
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Keywords :
Optical properties; Liquids; Propriétés optiques; Liquides
Abstract :
[en] Spring, W. Bulletin de la Classe des Sciences, Academie Royale de Belgique (1899), 37(3), 174-91; SciFinder (Chemical Abstracts Service: Columbus, OH); https://scifinder.cas.org (accessed July 8, 2010). During had succeeded Tyndall to lead the proof that in completely clear, dust-free air the way of convergent, intensive light is not visible, is in liquids also with most careful purification after Lallemand the way of the light bundle to be always recognized. Lallemand believed that the molecules of the liquids take up and laterally disseminated the ether movement of the light that the lighting of the liquid is thus due by a luminous beam not to reflections at suspended parts, but to the lateral dispersion of the light by the molecules of the liquids. Also Soret had not succeeded it to clean water in such a way that it was on the inside illuminated by a light bundle; he believed however nevertheless that the lighting is due only to suspended materials. It, completely clear succeeded to the author, to manufacture optically empty water in which the way of a luminous beam is not visible. Also by most careful distillation water can be released not completely from clouding additions. Tap water even gave a distillate, which was cloudier, as the applied water. The filtration, in particular also by cotton wool, which cleans air perfectly, eliminated the turbidity, but did not increase it. On the other hand the production of a clear succeeded, from a light bundle did not illuminate water by the effect of a high-tension stream of small current on suspensions. In a U-pipe a suspension of silicic acid by a stream by 16 volts at the anode, predecting the silicic acid at the cathode was clarified set off perfectly. Similar results batten experiments with solutions of colloidal ferric oxide and with suspensions of zinc and cadmium hydroxide. It the complete removal of the turbidity is not based probably on the direct effect of the electrolysis, but on the coagulation of the suspended colloidal materials and thereby to cause entrainments of the turbidity. It succeeded also to make absolutely clear by chemical preparation of colloidal precipitations in water this to e.g. by Lime water in a solution of water-glass or of charring, and by formation of hydroxides of aluminum, iron, cadmium and zinc, whereby the containers must be always locked, since otherwise the water at air immediately takes up dust and thereby clouds themselves. The precipitation, which causes clarifying, must be colloidal; crystalline precipitation, like barium sulfate or calcium oxalate is almost non-active. Filtration water by colloidal precipitation clarifies the water likewise, if the filtrate does not find an opportunity to come with always dusty air into contact. Organic liquids could not be clarified by colloidal precipitations. That is partially because of it that the precipitation becomes complete only in presence of electrolytes, during the organic liquids usually no to electrolytes. The author believes that the translucence of organic liquids with more than four or five atoms carbon is to be led back not only to the mixed dust, but also to a natural Fluorescence. The translucence water after the principal matter probably not by the dust is even caused, but by finest, the dust stubborn adhering gas vesicles. These gas bubbles have different thickness and to show the most diverse spectral colors, even with dominance of the red and orange. The blue color the natural water cannot be caused therefore by selective reflection at the suspended materials. Reprinted with the permission of the American Chemical Society. Copyright © 2010. American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved.
Disciplines :
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Spring, Walthère ;  Université de Liège - ULiège
Language :
French
Title :
Sur la réalisation d'un liquide optiquement vide
Alternative titles :
[en] Realization of an Optically Transparent Liquid
Publication date :
1899
Journal title :
Bulletins de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique
ISSN :
0770-7509
Publisher :
Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-arts de Belgique, Bruxelles, Belgium
Volume :
XXXVII
Issue :
3
Pages :
174-191
Commentary :
Voir aussi http://hdl.handle.net/2268/67984
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