Allan JM, Rabkin CS. Genetic susceptibility to iatrogenic malignancy. Pharmacogenomics. 2005;6(6):615-628.
Burchenal JH, Murphy ML, Ellison RR, et al. Clinical evaluation of a new antimetabolite, 6-mercaptopurine, in the treatment of leukemia and allied diseases. Blood. 1953;8(11):965-999.
Elion GB. The purine path to chemotherapy. Science. 1989;244(4900):41-47.
Azathioprine. IARC Monogr. 1987;26(suppl 7:119.
Karran P, Offman J, Bignami M. Human mismatch repair, drug-induced DNA damage, and secondary cancer. Biochimie. 2003;85(11):1149-1160.
Karran P, Attard N. Thiopurines in current medical practice: molecular mechanisms and contributions to therapy-related cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2008;8(1):24-36.
Schulz TF. Cancer and viral infections in immunocompromised individuals. Int J Cancer. 2009;125(8):1755-1763.
Hawn MT, Umar A, Carethers JM, et al. Evidence for a connection between the mismatch repair system and the G2 cell cycle checkpoint. Cancer Res. 1995;55(17):3721-3725.
Offman J, Opelz G, Doehler B, et al. Defective DNA mismatch repair in acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome after organ transplantation. Blood. 2004;104(3):822-828.
Borgdorff V, van Hees-Stuivenberg S, Meijers CM, de Wind N. Spontaneous and mutagen-induced loss of DNA mismatch repair in Msh2-heterozygous mammalian cells. Mutat Res. 2005;574(1-2):50-57.
Karran P, Bignami M. DNA damage tolerance, mismatch repair and genome instability. Bioessays. 1994; 16(11): 833-839.
Swann PF, Waters TR, Moulton DC, et al. Role of postreplicative DNA mismatch repair in the cytotoxic action of thioguanine. Science. 1996; 273(5278):1109-1111.
Waters TR, Swann PF. Cytotoxic mechanism of 6-thioguanine: hMutSal-pha, the human mismatch binding heterodimer, binds to DNA containing S6-methylthioguanine. Biochemistry. 1997;36(9):2501-2506.
Thiopurines Karran P. DNA damage, DNA repair and therapy-related cancer. Br Med Bull. 2006. 79-80:153-170.
Coulthard S, Hogarth L. The thiopurines: an update. Invest New Drugs. 2005;23(6):523-532.
Ionov Y, Peinado MA, Malkhosyan S, Shibata D, Perucho M. Ubiquitous somatic mutations in simple repeated sequences reveal a new mechanism for colonic carcinogenesis. Nature. 1993;363(6429):558-561.
Thibodeau SN, Bren G, Schaid D. Microsatellite instability in cancer of the proximal colon. Science. 1993;260(5109):816-819.
Peltomaki P, Lothe RA, Aaltonen LA, et al. Microsatellite instability is associated with tumors that characterize the hereditary non-polyposis co-lorectal carcinoma syndrome. Cancer Res. 1993;53(24):5853-5855.
Boland CR, Thibodeau SN, Hamilton SR, et al. A National Cancer Institute Workshop on Microsatellite Instability for cancer detection and familial predisposition: development of international criteria for the determination of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res. 1998;58(22):5248-5257.
Casorelli I, Offman J, Mele L, et al. Drug treatment in the development of mismatch repair defective acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. DNA Repair (Amst). 2003;2(5):547-559.
Duval A, Raphael M, Brennetot C, et al. The mutator pathway is a feature of immunodefciency-related lymphomas. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004;101(14):5002-5007.
Borie C, Colas C, Dartigues P, et al. The mechanisms underlying MMR defciency in immunodefciency-related non-Hodgkin lymphomas are different from those in other sporadic microsatellite instable neoplasms. Int J Cancer. 2009;125(10):2360-2366.
Svrcek M, El-Bchiri J, Chalastanis A, et al. Specifc clinical and biological features characterize infammatory bowel disease associated colorectal cancers showing microsatellite instability. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(27):4231- 4238.
De Wind N, Dekker M, Berns A, Radman M, te Riele H. Inactivation of the mouse Msh2 gene results in mismatch repair defciency, methylation tolerance, hyperrecombination, and predisposition to cancer. Cell. 1995;82(2):321-330.
Toft NJ, Winton DJ, Kelly J, et al. Msh2 status modulates both apoptosis and mutation frequency in the murine small intestine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1999;96(7):3911-3915.
Reagan-Shaw S, Nihal M, Ahmad N. Dose translation from animal to human studies revisited. FASEB J. 2008;22(3):659-661.
Anstey AV, Wakelin S, Reynolds NJ. Guidelines for prescribing azathio-prine in dermatology. Br J Dermatol. 2004;151(6):1123-1132.
Yip JS, Woodward M, Abreu MT, Sparrow MP. How are azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine dosed by gastroenterologists? Results of a survey of clinical practice. Infamm Bowel Dis. 2008;14(4):514-518.
Opelz G, Dohler B. Critical threshold of azathioprine dosage for maintenance immunosuppression in kidney graft recipients. Collaborative Transplant Study. Transplantation. 2000;69(5):818-821.
Fabre MA, Jones DC, Bunce M, et al. The impact of thiopurine S-methyltransferase polymorphisms on azathioprine dose 1 year after renal transplantation. Transpl Int. 2004;17(9):531-539.
Cuffari C, Hunt S, Bayless T. Utilisation of erythrocyte 6-thioguanine metabolite levels to optimise azathioprine therapy in patients with infam-matory bowel disease. Gut. 2001;48(5):642-646.
Jourdan F, Sebbagh N, Comperat E, et al. Tissue microarray technology: validation in colorectal carcinoma and analysis of p53, hMLH1, and hMSH2 immunohistochemical expression. Virchows Arch. 2003;443(2):115-121.
Duval A, Gayet J, Zhou XP, Iacopetta B, Thomas G, Hamelin R. Frequent frameshift mutations of the TCF-4 gene in colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability. Cancer Res. 1999;59(17):4213-4215.
Reitmair AH, Redston M, Cai JC, et al. Spontaneous intestinal carcinomas and skin neoplasms in Msh2-defcient mice. Cancer Res. 1996;56(16): 3842-3849.
De Wind N, Dekker M, van Rossum A, van der Valk M, te Riele H. Mouse models for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Cancer Res. 1998;58(2):248-255.
Isidro G, Veiga I, Matos P, et al. Four novel MSH2/MLH1 gene mutations in portuguese HNPCC families. Hum Mutat. 2000;15(1):116.
Lowsky R, Magliocco A, Ichinohasama R, et al. MSH2-defcient murine lymphomas harbor insertion/deletion mutations in the transforming growth factor beta receptor type 2 gene and display low not high frequency microsatellite instability. Blood. 2000;95(5):1767-1772.
Carbonnelle D, Jacquot C, Lanco X, et al. Up-regulation of a novel mRNA (NY-CO-1) involved in the methyl 4-methoxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenoyl) benzoate (VT1)-induced proliferation arrest of a non-small-cell lung carcinoma cell line (NSCLC-N6). Int J Cancer. 2001;92(3):388-397.
Bi X, Jones T, Abbasi F, et al. Drosophila caliban, a nuclear export mediator, can function as a tumor suppressor in human lung cancer cells. Oncogene. 2005;24(56):8229-8239.
Degot S, Le Hir H, Alpy F, et al. Association of the breast cancer protein MLN51 with the exon junction complex via its speckle localizer and RNA binding module. J Biol Chem. 2004;279(32):33702-33715.
El-Bchiri J, Buhard O, Penard-Lacronique V, Thomas G, Hamelin R, Duval A. Differential nonsense mediated decay of mutated mRNAs in mismatch repair defcient colorectal cancers. Hum Mol Genet. 2005;14(16): 2435-2442.
El-Bchiri J, Guilloux A, Dartigues P, et al. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay impacts MSI-driven carcinogenesis and anti-tumor immunity in colorectal cancers. PLoS One. 2008;3(7):e2583.
Hutchinson P, Jose M, Atkins RC, Holdsworth SR. Ex vivo lymphocyte proliferative function is severely inhibited in renal transplant patients on mycophenolate mofetil treatment. Transpl Immunol. 2004;13(1):55-61.
Fairbanks LD, Bofll M, Ruckemann K, Simmonds HA. Importance of ribo-nucleotide availability to proliferating T-lymphocytes from healthy humans. Disproportionate expansion of pyrimidine pools and contrasting effects of de novo synthesis inhibitors. J Biol Chem. 1995;270(50):29682-29689.
Quemeneur L, Gerland LM, Flacher M, Ffrench M, Revillard JP, Genestier L. Differential control of cell cycle, proliferation, and survival of primary T lymphocytes by purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. J Immunol. 2003;170(10):4986-4995.
Knudson AG Jr. Mutation and cancer: statistical study of retinoblastoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1971;68(4):820-823.
Marra G, D'Atri S, Corti C, et al. Tolerance of human MSH2+/- lympho-blastoid cells to the methylating agent temozolomide. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001;98(13):7164-7169.
Felton KE, Gilchrist DM, Andrew SE. Constitutive defciency in DNA mismatch repair. Clin Genet. 2007;71(6):483-498.
Hampel H, Frankel WL, Martin E, et al. Feasibility of screening for lynch syndrome among patients with colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26(35):5783-5788.
Levin KE, Dozois RR. Epidemiology of large bowel cancer. World J Surg. 1991;15(5):562-567.
Jenkins MA, Baglietto L, Dowty JG, et al. Cancer risks for mismatch repair gene mutation carriers: a population-based early onset case-family study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;4(4):489-498.
Popat S, Hubner R, Houlston RS. Systematic review of microsatellite instability and colorectal cancer prognosis. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(3):609-618.
Smyrk TC, Watson P, Kaul K, Lynch HT. Tumor-infltrating lymphocytes are a marker for microsatellite instability in colorectal carcinoma. Cancer. 2001;91(12):2417-2422.
Saeterdal I, Bjorheim J, Lislerud K, et al. Frameshift-mutation-derived peptides as tumor-specifc antigens in inherited and spontaneous colo-rectal cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001;98(23):13255-13260.
Ishikawa T, Fujita T, Suzuki Y, et al. Tumor-specifc immunological recognition of frameshift-mutated peptides in colon cancer with microsat-ellite instability. Cancer Res. 2003;63(17):5564-5572.
