[en] Sixty-six rabbits, with no history of vaccination against myxomatosis and which had died of pulmonary lesions, were submitted for virological and serological tests for Myxoma virus (MV) infection and for bacteriological examinations. At post mortem, the diagnoses based on observed lesions were as follows: acute haemorrhagic pneumonia (38%); acute suppurative bronchopneumonia (35%); and fibrinohaemorrhagic bronchopneumonia with fibrinous pleuritis (27%). MV was isolated from 10% of the rabbits, mainly from those with acute haemorrhagic pneumonia. Serological evidence of MV infection was demonstrated in 44% of rabbits. Pathogenic bacteria species isolated from lungs were Pasteurella (spp. and multocida), Escherichia coli, Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively, from 41, 11, 7 and 6% of samples. No relationship could be established between the presence of specific antibodies to MV and the observed pulmonary lesions or the results of the bacteriological examinations. A significant trend was established between the severity of the lesions and the results of the bacteriological examinations.
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Marlier, Didier ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Médecine des oiseaux, des lagomorphes et des rongeurs
Mainil, Jacques ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires > Bactériologie et pathologie des maladies bactériennes
Linden, Annick ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires > Santé et pathologies de la faune sauvage
Vindevogel, Henri ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Services généraux (Faculté de médecine vétérinaire) > Relations académiques et scientifiques (Méd. vétérinaire)
Language :
English
Title :
Infectious Agents Associated with Rabbit Pneumonia: Isolation of Amyxomatous Myxoma Virus Strains
BARROW G. I., FELTHAM R. K. A. Cowan, Steel. Manual for the identification of medical bacteria. 1993;Cambridge University Press, USA.
BHASIN V., SINGH D. Pre-weaning mortality in rabbits. International Journal of Animal Sciences. 10:1995;77-79.
BRUN A., SAURAT P., GILBERT Y., GODART A., BOUQUET J. F. Données actuelles sur l'épidémiologie, la pathogénie et la symptomatologie de la myxomatose. Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire. 132:1981;585-590.
DEVOS A., VIANE N., SPANOGHE L., DEVRIESE L., OKERMAN L., BIJNENS B. Health situation among poultry and rabbits in Belgium during 1978. Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift. 49:1980;43-47.
DEVOS A. Report on clinical and post mortem findings among poultry, other birds and furbearing animals (rabbits) at the Gent Veterinary Faculty, Belgium during 1980. Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift. 50:1981;212-219.
DEVOS E. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Gent, Belgium. Report on clinical and post mortem findings in poultry, other birds and rabbits during 1982. Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift. 52:1983;291-297.
DEVOS E. 1983 report on clinical and post mortem findings in poultry, other birds and rabbits at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gent, Belgium. Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift. 54:1985;43-48.
DI GIACOMO R. F., GARLINGHOUSE L. E., VAN HOOSIER G. L. Natural history of infection with Pasteurella multocida in rabbits. Journal of the Veterinary Medical Association. 183:1983;1172-1175.
DUCATELLE R., VANROMPAY D., CHARLIER G. Paramyxovirus associated with pneumonia in a dwarf rabbit. World Rabbit Science. 2:1994;47-52.
DUCLOS P., CAILLET J., JAVELOT P. Flore bactérienne aérobie des cavités nasales du lapin d'élevage. Annales de Recherche Vétérinaire. 17:1986;185-190.
FENNER F., RATCLIFFE F. N. Myxomatosis. 1965;Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. p. 128-30.
GELFI J., CHANTAL J., TRAN THANH P., Py R., BOUCRAUT-BARALON C. Development of an ELISA for detection of Myxoma virus specific rabbit antibodies: test evaluation for diagnostic application on vaccinated and wild rabbit sera. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 11:1999;240-245.
GILBERT Y., PICAVET D. P., CHANTAL J. Diagnostic de la myxomatose: mise au point d'une technique d'immunofluorescence indirecte. Utilisation de prélèvements sanguins sur papier buvard pour la recherche d'anticorps. Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'Office International des Epizooties. 8:1989;209-220.
HINTON M. Diseases in adult rabbits: an analysis of the post-mortem findings in 180 rabbits. Veterinary Medical Review. 12:1977;183-192.
HIPPE W. Aetiological importance of Pasteurella and Bordetella in rabbit snuffles. Tierarztliche Umschau. 37:1982;284-290.
HOOP R. K., EHRSAM H., KELLER B. 10 years experience of post-mortem examinations of rabbits - a review of important diseases in Switzerland. Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde. 135:1993;211-215.
HOLMES H. T., PATTON N. M., CHEEKE P. R. The incidence of vaginal and nasal Pasteurella multocida in a commercial rabbitry. Journal of Applied Rabbit Research. 6:1983;123-124.
JONES J. M. An update of rabbit diseases. Part 1: respiratory disease. New Zealand Veterinary Journal. 36:1988;66-69.
JOUBERT, L. LEFTHERIOTIS, E. MOUCHET, J. 1972, La myxomatose, Paris, France, Expansion Scientifique.
JOUBERT L., DUCLOS P. H., TUAILLON P. La myxomatose des garennes dans le Sud-Est: la myxomatose amyxomateuse. Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire. 133:1982;739-753.
KERR P. J. An ELISA for epidemiological studies of myxomatosis: persistence of antibodies to Myxoma virus in European Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Wildlife Research. 24:1997;53-65.
MACHII K., OTSUKA Y., IWAI H., UEDA K. Infection of rabbits with Sendai virus. Laboratory Animal Science. 39:1989;334-337.
MANNING P. J., DI GIACOMO R. F., DE LANY D. Pasteurellosis in laboratory animals. Adlam C., Rutter J. M. Pasteurella and Pasteurellosis. 1989;Academic Press, London, UK.
Marlier D., Vindevogel H. La myxomatose amyxomateuse: isolement de trois souches en Belgique. Annales de Médecine Vétérinaire. 140:1996;343-346.
Marlier D., Boucraut-Baralon C., Vindevogel H. Diagnosis of myxomatosis by an indirect immunoperoxidase test. Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift. 68:1999a;142-144.
Marlier D., Cassart D., Boucraut-Baralon C., Coignoul F. Vindevogel H. Experimental infection of specific pathogen-free New Zealand white rabbits with five strains of amyxomatous Myxoma virus. Journal of Comparative Pathology. 1999b.
MISHRA K. C. Morbidity and mortality pattern of laboratory rabbits in sikkim. Indian Journal of Animal Health. 28:1989;125-131.
MUTTENS R., MANNHEIM W., BISGAARD M. Taxonomy of the group. Adlam C., Rutter J. M. Pasteurella and Pasteurellosis. 1989;Academic Press, London, UK.
OKERMAN L. Diseases of Domestic Rabbits. 1994;Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. p. 65-70.
PEETERS J. E. Ademhalings en spijsverteringsstoornissen in de industriële slachtkonijnenhouderij. Diergeneeskundig Memorandum. 3:1989;99-108.
RAI R. B., SINGH D., SINGH R. N. Aetiological agents associated with pneumoenteritis in rabbits. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences. 55:1985;163-168.
RAI R. B., AHLAWAT S. P., SENANI S. Rabbit pneumonia: etiopathological studies. Indian Veterinary Journal. 72:1995;437-440.
SANYAL P. K., GOPIKRISHNA G. Mortality pattern in domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in sub-temperate Tamilnadu. Indian Journal of Animal Health. 27:1988;13-15.
