Mean retention time; Xylazine-induced prolongation; Guar gum
Abstract :
[en] The aim of this second review is to summarize data on the duration of gastric emptying and on the transit time in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy dogs. An overview of the investigation techniques is also given. The incorporation of fibres in the diet is one of many other factors which influence the mechanisms of emptying in the gastrointestinal tract. The effect of dietary fibres is also discussed in other monogastric species
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Diez, Marianne ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de productions animales > Nutrition des animaux domestiques
Istasse, Louis ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de productions animales > Nutrition des animaux domestiques
Language :
French
Title :
Fibres alimentaires chez le chien II. Effets sur la vidange gastrique et le transit gastro-intestinal
Alternative titles :
[en] Dietary fibres in dogs : II. Effects on gastric emptying and transit time in gastrointestinal tract.
ARNBJERG J. Gastric emptying time in the dog and cat. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. 1992, 28, 77-81.
BANTA C.A., CLEMENS E.T., KRINSKY M.A., SHEFFY B.E. Sites of organic acid production and patterns of digesta movement in the gastrointestinal tract of dogs. J. Nutr., 1979, 109, 1592-1600.
BLACKBURN N.A., REDFERN J.S., IARJIS H., HOLGATE A.M., HANNING I., SCARPELLO J.H.B., JONHSON T., READ N.M. The mechanism of action of guar gum in improving glucose tolerance in man. Clin. Sci., 1984, 66, 329-336.
BORG M.L., SANDH G. & HEDHAMMAR A. Transit time of contrast media through the digestive tract of the dog. Svensk Veterinärtidning, 1979, 31, 45-50.
BROWN N.J., GREENBURGH A. & TOMLIN J. The effects of pectin and wheat bran on the distribution of a meal in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat. Br. J. Nutr., 1994, 72, 289-297.
BUENO L., PRADDAUBE F., FIORAMONTI J. & RUCKEBUSH Y. Effect of dietary fiber on gastrointestinal motility and jejunal transit time in dogs. Gastroenterology, 1981, 80, 701-707.
BURNS J. & FOX S. M. The use of a barium meal to evaluate total gastric emptying time in the dog. Veterinary Radiology, 1986, 27, 169-172.
BURROWS C.F., KRONFELD D.S., BANTA C.A. & MERRITT M.A. Effects of fiber on digestibility and transit time in dogs. J. Nutr., 1982, 112, 1726-1732.
BURROWS C.F., BRIGHT M.R. & SPENCER P.C. Influence of dietary composition on gastric emptying and motilily in dogs: potential involvement in acute gastric dilatation. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 1985, 46, 2609-2612.
CHERBUT C. & RUCKEBUSCH Y. The effect of indigestible particles on digestive transit time and colonic motility in dogs and pigs. Br. J. Nutr., 1985, 53, 549-557.
CHERBUT C., MEIRIEU O. & RUCKEBUSCH Y. Effect of diet on intestinal xylose absorption in dogs. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 1986, 31, 385-391.
CUMMINGS J.H., HILL M.J., JENKINS D.J.A., PEARSON J.R. & WIGGINS H.S. Changes in fecal composition and colonic function due to cereal fiber. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 1976, 29, 1468-1473.
DE HAAN V, ISTASSE L., JAKOVLJEVIC S., DUFRASNE I. & BIENFAIT J.M. Effects of cellulose, pectin and guar gum on gastric emptying, digestibility and absorption in resting dogs. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. Aberdeen, 26-28 September 1990, 49, 146A.
DE WEVER I., EECKHOUT C., VANTRAPPEN G., HELLEMANS J. Disruptive effect of test meals on interdigestive motor complex in dogs. Am. J. Phys., 1978, E661-E665.
DI LORENZO C., WILLIAMS M.C., HAJNAL F. & VALENZUELA E.J. Pectin delays gastric emptying and increases satiety in obese subjects. Gastroenterology, 1988, 95, 1211-1215.
EDWARDS C.A, BLACKBURN N.A., CRAIGEN L., DAVISON P., TOMLIN J., SUGDEN K., JOHNSON I.T., READ N.W. Viscosity of food gums determined in vitro related to their hypoglycemic actions. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 1987, 46, 72.
EHRLEIN H.J., PRÖVE J. Effect of viscosity of test meals on gastric emptying in dogs. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology, 1982, 67, 419-425.
FAHEY G.C., MERCHEN N.R., CORBIN J.E., HAMILTON A.K. SERBE K.A., LEWIS S.M. & HIRAKAWA D.A. Dietary fiber for dogs : I. Effects of graded levels of dietary beet pulp on nutrient intake, digestibility, metabolizable energy and digesta mean retention time. J. Anim. Sci , 1990a, 68, 4221-4228.
FAHEY G.C., MERCHEN N.R., CORBIN J.E., HAMILTON A.K., SERBE K.A. Dietary fiber for dogs : II. Iso-total dietary fiber (TDF) additions of divergent fiber sources to dog diets and their effects on nutrient intake, digestibility, metabolizable energy and digests mean retention time. J. Anim. Sci., 1990b, 68, 4229-4235.
FAHEY G.C., MERCHEN N.R., CORBIN I.E., HAMILTON A.K., BAUER L.L., TITGEMEYER E.C. & HIRAKAWA D.A. Dietary fiber for dogs : III. Effects of beet pulp and oat fiber additions to dog diets on nutrient intake, digestibility, metabolizable energy and digesta mean retention time. J. Anim. Sci., 1992, 70, 1169-1174.
FASS J., BARES R., HERMSDORF V. & SCHUMPELICK V. Effects of intraveinous ketamine on gastrointestinal motility in the dog. Intensive Care Medicine, 1995, 21, 584-589.
FAULKNER W.E. & ANDERSON D.M. The effects of fiber supplementation on diet digestibility by silver foxes. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 1991, 71, 943-947.
FIORAMONTI J., BUENO L., BARDON T. Effets comparés du son et des pectines sur le temps de transit et la motricité colique chez le porc. Cath. Nutr. Diet., 1983, 18, 95-96.
GRIMES D.S., GODDARD J. Gastric emptying of whole meal and white bread. Gut., 1977, 18, 725-729.
GUEDON C., DUCROTTE P., ANTOINE J.M., DENIS P., COLLIN R., LEREBOURS E. Does chronic supplementation of the diet with dietary fibre extracted from pea or carrot affect motility in man. ? Br. J. Nutr., 1996, 76, 51-61.
GUILFORD W.G. & LAWOKO C. Validation of radiopaque markers for assessment of gastric emptying rates of food in dogs. 14th Annual ACVIM Forum, San Antonio, Texas, 1996, 88 (Abstract).
HANSEN I., BACH KNUDSEN K.E. & EGGUM B.O. Gastrointestinal implications in the rat of wheat bran oat bran and pea fibre. Br. J. Nutr., 1992, 68, 451-462.
HANSON C.F., WINTERFELT E.A. Dietary fibre effects on passage rate and breath hydrogen. The Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 1985, 42, 44-48.
HINDER R.A. & KELLY K.A. Canine gastric emptying of solids and liquids. Am. J. Physiol., 1977, 233, 335-340.
HIRAKAWA M., IIDA M, KOHROGI N., FUJISHIMA M. Hydrogen breath test assessment of orocecal transit time : comparison with barium meal study. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 1988, 12, 1361-1363.
HOLGATE A.M. & READ N.W. Effect of ileal infusion of intralipid on gastrointestinal transit, ileal flow rate, and carbohydrate absorption in humans after ingestion of a liquid meal. Gastroenterology, 1985, 88, 1005-1011.
HOLT S., HEADING R.C., CAETER D.C., PRESCOTT L.F. & TOTHILL P. Effect of gel fiber on gastric emptying and absorption of glucose and paracetamol. The Lancet, 1979, 24, 636-639.
HSU H.W. & MC NEEL V.S. Effects of yohimbine on xylasine-induced prolongation of gastrointestinal transit in dogs. JAVMA, 1983, 183, 297-300.
JOHANSEN N.H. & BACH KNUDSEN B K. E. Effects of reducing the starch content in oat based diets with cellulose on jejunal flow and absorption of glucose over an isolated loop of jejunum in pigs. Br. J. Nutr., 1994, 72, 717-729.
JOHANSEN H., BACH KNUDSEN B.K.E., SANDSTRÖM B.M. & SKJOTH F. Effects of varying content of soluble dietary fibre from wheat flour and oat milling fractions on gastric emptying in pigs. Br. J. Nutr., 1996, 75, 339-351.
JOHNSON I.T., GEE J.M., MAHONEY R.R. Effect of dietary supplements of guar gum and cellulose on intestinal cell proliferation, enzyme levels and sugar transport in the rat. Br. J. Nutr. 1984, 52, 477-487.
KEINKE O. & EHRLEIN H.J. Effect of oleic acid on canine gastroduodenal motility, pyloric diameter and gastric emptying. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology, 1983, 68, 675-686.
LATYMER E.A., LOW A.G., FADDEN K., SAMBROOK I.E., WOODLEY S.C., KEAL H.D. Measurement of transit time of digesta through sections of gastrointestinal tract of pigs fed with diets containing various sources of dietary fibre (non-strarch polysaccharides). Arch. Anim. Nutr., 1990, 8, 667-680.
LEIB S.M., WINGFIELD E.W., TWEDT C.D. & WILLIAMS R.A. Gastric emptying of liquids in the dog : Serial test meal and modified emptying time techniques. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1985, 46, 1876-1880.
LEWIS D.L., MAGERKURTH H.J., ROUDEBUSH P., MORRIS L.M., MITCHELL E.E. & TEETER M.S. Stool characteristics, gastrointestinal transit time and nutrient digestibility in dogs fed different fiber sources. J. Nutr., 1994, 124, 27165-27185.
MC CANCE R.A., PRIOR K.M., WIDOWSON E. A radiological study of the rate of passage of brown and white bread through the digestive tract of man. Br. J. Nutr. 1953, 7, 98-104.
MC NEEL V.S. & HSU H.W. Xylasine induced prolongation of gastrointestinal transit in dogs : reversal by yohimbine and potentiation by doxapram. JAVMA, 1984, 185, 878-881.
MEYER J.H., MANDIOLA S., SHADCHEHR A, COHEN M. Dispersion of solid food by the canine stomach. Gastroenterology, 1977, 72, 1102 (Abstract).
MEYER J.H., DRESSMAN J., FINK A., AMIDON G. Effect of size and density on canine gastric emptying of nondigestible solids. Gastroenterology, 1985, 89, 805-813.
MEYER J.H., DOTY J.E. GI transit and absorption of solid food : multiple effects of guar. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 1988, 48, 267-273.
MIYABAYASHI T. & MORGAN P.J. Gastric emptying in the normal dog. A contrast radiographic technique. Veterinary Radiology, 1984, 25, 187-191.
MIYABAYASHI T., MORGAN P.J., ATILOLA A.O.M. & MUHUMUZA L. Small intestinal emptying time in normal Beagle dogs. A contrast radiographic study. Veterinary Radiology, 1986, 27, 164-168.
MIYABAYASHI T., MORGAN P.J. Uper gastrointestinal examinations : radiographic study of clinically normal beagle puppies. Journal of Small Animal practice, 1991, 32, 83-88.
PAPASOULIOTIS K., MUIR P., GRUFFYDD-JONES T.J., CRIPPS P.J. & BLAXTER A.C. The effect of short-term dietary fiber administration on orocaecal transit time in dogs. Diabetologia, 1993, 36, 207-211.
PAPASOULIOTIS K., GRUFFYDD-JONES T.J., SPARES A.H. & CRIPPS P.J. A comparison of orocaecal transit times assessed by the breath hydrogen test and the sulphasalazine/sulphapyridine method in healthy beagle dogs. Research in Veterinary Science, 1995, 58, 263-267.
RAINBIRD A.L. & LOW A.G. Effect of guar gum on gastric emptying in growing pigs. Br. J. Nutr., 1986a, 55, 87-98.
RAINBIRD A.L. Effect of guar gum on gastric emptying of test meals of varying energy content in growing pigs. Br. J. Nutr., 1986b, 55, 99-109.
RAINBIRD A.L. & LOW A.G. Effect of various types of dietary fiber on gastric emptying in growing pigs. Br. J. Nutr., 1986c, 55, 111-121.
READ N.W., MC FARLANE A., KINSMAN R.I., BATES T.E., BLACKHALL N.W., FARRAR G.B.J., HALL J.C., MOSS G., MORRIS A.P., O'NEILL B., WELCH I., LEE Y., BLOOM S.R. The effect of infusion of nutrient solutions into the ileum on gastrointestinal transit and plasma levels of neurotensin and enteroglucagon. Gastroenterology, 1984, 86, 274-280.
RENDANO J.R. Radiology of the gastrointestinal tract of small animals. Can. Vet. J., 1981, 22, 331-334.
RUSSELL J. & BASS P. Canine gastric emptying of fibre meals : influence of meal viscosity and antroduodenal motility. Am. J. Phys., 1985, 249, G662-G667.
SANDHU K.S., EL. SAMAHI M.M., MENA I., DOOLEY C.P., VALENZUELA J.E. Effect of pectin on gastric emptying and gastroduodenal motility in normal subjects. Gastroenterology, 1987, 92, 486-492.
SPILLER R.C., TROTMAN I.F., HIGGINS B.E., GHATEI M.A., LEES Y.C., BLOOM S.R., MISIEWICZ J.J., SILK D.B. Inhibition of jejunal motility by ileal fat infusion in man. Gut, 1983, 24, A472.
STEVENS J., VAN SOEST J.P., ROBERTSON B.J. & LEVITSKY A.D. Mean transit time measurement by analysis of a single stool after ingestion of multicolored plastic pellets. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 1987, 46, 1048-1054.
TADESSE K. The effect of dietary fiber isolates on gastric secretion, acidity and emptying. Br. J. Nutr., 1986, 55, 507-513.
TAKAHASHI T., EGASHIRA Y., SANADA H., AYANO Y., MAEDA H., TERASHIMA M. Effects of soy bean dietary fibre on growth rate digestibility and gastrointestinal transit time in rats. J. of Japanese Soc. of Nutr. and Food Science, 1992, 45, 277-284.
THEODORAKIS C.M. External scintigraphy in measuring rate of gastric emptying in beagles. Am. J. Physiol., 1980, 239, 439-445.
TINKER L.F., SCHNEEMAN B.O. The effects of guar gum or wheat bran on the disappearance of 14C-labeled starch from the rat gastrointestinal tract. J. Nutr., 1989, 119, 403-408.
TORSDOTTIR I., ALPSTEN M., ANDERSSON H. & EINARSSON S. Dietary guar gum effects on postprandial blood glucose, insulin and hydroxyproline in humans. J. Nutr., 1989, 119, 1925-1931.
VAHOUNY G.V., ROY T., GALLO L.L., STORY J.A., KRITCHEVSKY D., CASSIDY M.M. Dietary Fibres : III. Effects of chronic intake on cholesterol absorption and metabolism in the rat. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 1980, 33, 2182-2191.
VAN DEN BROM W.E. & HAPPE R.P. Gastric emptying of a radionucleotide-labeled test meal in healthy dogs : a new mathematical analysis and reference values. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1986, 47, 2170-2174.
WARD A.T. & REICHERT R.D. Comparison of the effect of cell wall and hull fibre from colona soybean on the bioavailability for rats of minerals, protein and lipid. J. Nutr., 1986, 116, 233-241.
WASHABAU R.I., STROMBECK D.R., BUFFINGTON C.A., HARROLD D. Use of pulmonary hydrogen gas to detect carbohydrate malabsorption in dogs. JAVMA, 1986, 6, 674-679.
WASTENEYS H., CROCKER F.B. & HAMILTON P. Studies of digestion in the dog. Am. J. Physiol., 1941, 135, 6-19.
WILLIAMS N.S., MEYER J.H., JEHN D., MILLER J. & FINK A.S. Canine intestinal transit and digestion of radiolabeled liver particles. Gastroenterology, 1984, 86, 1451-1459.