Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves open field locomotor recovery after low but not high thoracic spinal cord compression-injury in adult rats
spinal cord injury; locomotion; BBB score; central pattern generator; serotonin
Abstract :
[en] Electromagnetic fields are able to promote axonal regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is used routinely in neuropsychiatric conditions and as an atraumatic method to activate descending motor pathways. After spinal cord injury, these pathways are disconnected from the spinal locomotor generator, resulting in most of the functional deficit. We have applied daily 10 Hz rTMS for 8 weeks immediately after an incomplete high (T4-5; n = 5) or low (T10-11; n = 6) thoracic closed spinal cord compression -injury in adult rats, using 6 high- and 6 low-lesioned non-stimulated animals as controls. Functional recovery of hindlimbs was assessed using the BBB locomotor rating scale. In the control group, the BBB score was significantly better from the 7th week post-injury in animals lesioned at T4-5 compared to those lesioned at T10-11. rTMS significantly improved locomotor recovery in T10-11-injured rats, but not in rats with a high thoracic injury. In rTMS-treated rats, there was significant positive correlation between final BBB score and grey matter density of serotonergic fibres in the spinal segment just caudal to the lesion. We propose that low thoracic lesions produce a greater functional deficit because they interfere with the locomotor centre and that rTMS is beneficial in such lesions because it activates this central pattern generator, presumably via descending serotonin pathways. The benefits of rTMS shown here suggest strongly that this non-invasive intervention strategy merits consideration for clinical trials in human paraplegics with low spinal cord lesions. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Disciplines :
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
Poirrier, Anne-Lise ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Physiologie humaine et physiopathologie
Nyssen, Yves
Scholtes, Félix ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Neurochirurgie
Multon, Sylvie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Neuro-anatomie
Rinkin, Charline ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Frais communs médecine
Weber, Georges ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de physique > Physique nucléaire, atomique et spectroscopie
Bouhy, Delphine
Brook, Gary
Schoenen, Jean ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Neuro-anatomie
Franzen, Rachelle ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Neuro-anatomie
Language :
English
Title :
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves open field locomotor recovery after low but not high thoracic spinal cord compression-injury in adult rats
Publication date :
15 January 2004
Journal title :
Journal of Neuroscience Research
ISSN :
0360-4012
eISSN :
1097-4547
Publisher :
Wiley Liss, Inc., New York, United States - New York
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