[en] BACKGROUND: Bone marrow stromal cells and radial glia are two stem cell types with neural phenotypic plasticity. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes, but can also differentiate into non-mesenchymal cell, i.e. neural cells in appropriate in vivo and in vitro experimental conditions. Likewise, radial glial cells are the progenitors of many neurons in the developing cortex, but can also generate astrocytes. Both cell types express nestin, an intermediate filament protein which is the hallmark of neural precursors. RESULTS: In this study, we demonstrate that thrombin, a multifunctional serine protease, stimulates the growth of radial glial cells (RG) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a dose-dependent manner. In RG, the mitogenic effect of thrombin is correlated with increased expression of nestin but in MSCs, this mitogenic effect is associated with nestin down-regulation. Both cell types express the PAR-1 type receptor for Thrombin and the effect of Thrombin on both cell types can be mimicked by its analogue TRAP-6 activating specifically this receptor subtype or by serum which contains various amount of thrombin. Moreover, we also demonstrate that serum deprivation-induced expression of nestin in MSCs is inhibited by high cell density (> 50,000 cells/cm2). CONCLUSION: This work shows that thrombin stimulates the growth of both RG and MSCs and that nestin expression by MSCs and RG is regulated in opposite manner by thrombin in vitro. Thrombin effect is thus associated in both cell types with a proliferating, undifferentiated state but in RG this involves the induction of nestin expression, a marker of immaturity for neural progenitors. In MSCs however, nestin expression, as it corresponds to a progression from the mesenchymal "undifferentiated", proliferating phenotype toward acquisition of a neural fate, is inhibited by the mitogenic signal.
Research center :
Centre de Neurobiologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire
Disciplines :
Biochemistry, biophysics & molecular biology
Author, co-author :
Wislet-Gendebien, Sabine ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Biochimie et physiologie générales, et biochimie humaine
wautier, Franz
Chanas, Grazyna
Rogister, Bernard ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Neurologie Sart Tilman
Leprince, Pierre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > CNCM/ Centre fac. de rech. en neurobiologie cell. et moléc.
Language :
English
Title :
Regulation of nestin expression by thrombin and cell density in cultures of bone mesenchymal stem cells and radial glial cells.
Publication date :
2007
Journal title :
BMC Neuroscience
eISSN :
1471-2202
Publisher :
BioMed Central, United Kingdom
Volume :
8
Pages :
104
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Funders :
F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique [BE] FMRE - Fondation Médicale Reine Elisabeth [BE] Fonds Charcot Belgian League against Multiple Sclerosis
Brazelton, T.R., Rossi, F.M., Keshet, G.I., Blau, H.M., From marrow to brain: Expression of neuronal phenotypes in adult mice (2000) Science, 290, pp. 1775-1779. , 10.1126/science.290.5497.1775 11099418
Mezey, E., Chandross, K.J., Harta, G., Maki, R.A., McKercher, S.R., Turning blood into brain: Cells bearing neuronal antigens generated in vivo from bone marrow (2000) Science, 290, pp. 1779-1782. , 10.1126/science.290.5497.1779 11099419
Wislet-Gendebien, S., Leprince, P., Moonen, G., Rogister, B., Regulation of neural markers nestin and GFAP expression by cultivated bone marrow stromal cells (2003) J Cell Sci, 116, pp. 3295-3302. , 10.1242/jcs.00639 12840074
Wislet-Gendebien, S., Hans, G., Leprince, P., Rigo, J.M., Moonen, G., Rogister, B., Plasticity of Cultured Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Switch from Nestin-Positive to Excitable Neuron-Like Phenotype (2005) Stem Cells, 23, pp. 392-402. , 10.1634/stemcells.2004-0149 15749934
Wislet-Gendebien, S., Wautier, F., Leprince, P., Rogister, B., Astrocytic and neuronal fate of mesenchymal stem cells expressing nestin (2005) Brain Research Bulletin, 68, pp. 95-102. , 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.08.016 16325009
Lendahl, U., Zimmerman, L.B., McKay, R.D., CNS stem cells express a new class of intermediate filament protein (1990) Cell, 60, pp. 585-595. , 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90662-X 1689217
Tamamaki, N., Nakamura, K., Okamoto, K., Kaneko, T., Radial glia is a progenitor of neocortical neurons in the developing cerebral cortex (2001) Neurosci Res, 41, pp. 51-60. , 10.1016/S0168-0102(01)00259-0 11535293
Noctor, S.C., Flint, A.C., Weissman, T.A., Dammerman, R.S., Kriegstein, A.R., Neurons derived from radial glial cells establish radial units in neocortex (2001) Nature, 409, pp. 714-720. , 10.1038/35055553 11217860
Miyata, T., Kawaguchi, A., Okano, H., Ogawa, M., Asymmetric inheritance of radial glial fibers by cortical neurons (2001) Neuron, 31, pp. 727-741. , 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00420-2 11567613
Malatesta, P., Hartfuss, E., Gotz, M., Isolation of radial glial cells by fluorescent-activated cell sorting reveals a neuronal lineage (2000) Development, 127, pp. 5253-5263. , 11076748
Doetsch, F., The glial identity of neural stem cells (2003) Nat Neurosci, 6, pp. 1127-1134. , 10.1038/nn1144 14583753
Chanas-Sacre, G., Thiry, M., Pirard, S., Rogister, B., Moonen, G., Mbebi, C., Verdière-Sahuqué, M., Leprince, P., A 295-kDA intermediate filament-associated protein in radial glia and developing muscle cells in vivo and in vitro (2000) Dev Dyn, 219, pp. 514-525. , 10.1002/1097-0177(2000)9999:9999<::AID-DVDY1078>3.0.CO
2-0 11084651
Suidan, H.S., Nobes, C.D., Hall, A., Monard, D., Astrocyte spreading in response to thrombin and lysophosphatidic acid is dependent on the Rho GTPase (1997) Glia, 21, pp. 244-252. , 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199710)21:2<244::AID-GLIA7>3.0.CO
Landesberg, R., Burke, A., Pinsky, D., Katz, R., Vo, J., Eisig, S.B., Lu, H.H., Activation of platelet-rich plasma using thrombin receptor agonist peptide (2005) J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 63, pp. 529-535. , 10.1016/j.joms.2004.12.007 15789326
Vu, T.K., Hung, D.T., Wheaton, V.I., Coughlin, S.R., Molecular cloning of a functional thrombin receptor reveals a novel proteolytic mechanism of receptor activation (1991) Cell, 64, pp. 1057-1068. , 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90261-V 1672265
Grand, R.J., Turnell, A.S., Grabham, P.W., Cellular consequences of thrombin-receptor activation (1996) Biochem J, 313, pp. 353-368. , 1216916 8573065
Nicole, O., Goldshmidt, A., Hamill, C.E., Sorensen, S.D., Sastre, A., Lyuboslavsky, P., Hepler, J.R., Traynelis, S.F., Activation of protease-activated receptor-1 triggers astrogliosis after brain injury (2005) J Neurosci, 25, pp. 4319-4329. , 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5200-04.2005 15858058
Narayanan, S., Multifunctional roles of thrombin (1999) Ann Clin Lab Sci, 29, pp. 275-280. , 10528826
Davey, M.G., Luscher, E.F., Actions of thrombin and other coagulant and proteolytic enzymes on blood platelets (1967) Nature, 216, pp. 857-858. , 10.1038/216857a0 6074962
Bar-Shavit, R., Kahn, A., Fenton II, J.W., Wilner, G.D., Chemotactic response of monocytes to thrombin (1983) J Cell Biol, 96, pp. 282-285. , 10.1083/jcb.96.1.282 6826648
McNamara, C.A., Sarembock, I.J., Gimple, L.W., Fenton II, J.W., Coughlin, S.R., Owens, G.K., Thrombin stimulates proliferation of cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells by a proteolytically activated receptor (1993) J Clin Invest, 91, pp. 94-98. , 330000 8380817
Pohl, J., Bruhn, H.D., Christophers, E., Thrombin and fibrin-induced growth of fibroblasts: Role in wound repair and thrombus organization (1979) Klin Wochenschr, 57, pp. 273-277. , 10.1007/BF01476508 449250
Lafay, M., Laguna, R., Le Bonniec, B.F., Lasne, D., Aiach, M., Rendu, F., Thrombomodulin modulates the mitogenic response to thrombin of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (1998) Thromb Haemost, 79, pp. 848-852. , 9569203
Gospodarowicz, D., Brown, K.D., Birdwell, C.R., Zetter, B.R., Control of proliferation of human vascular endothelial cells. Characterization of the response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and thrombin (1978) J Cell Biol, 77, pp. 774-788. , 10.1083/jcb.77.3.774 308066
Shapiro, M.J., Coughlin, S.R., Separate signals for agonist-independent and agonist-triggered trafficking of protease-activated receptor 1 (1998) J Biol Chem, 273, pp. 29009-29014. , 10.1074/jbc.273.44.29009 9786906
Gill, J.S., Pitts, K., Rusnak, F.M., Owen, W.G., Windebank, A.J., Thrombin induced inhibition of neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglion neurons (1998) Brain Research, 797, pp. 321-327. , 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)00344-8 9666159
Olianas, M.C., Dedoni, S., Onali, P., Proteinase-activated receptors 1 and 2 in rat olfactory system: Layer-specific regulation of multiple signaling pathways in the main olfactory bulb and induction of neurite retraction in olfactory sensory neurons (2007) Neuroscience, 146, pp. 1289-1301. , 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.02.059 17434682
Gurwitz, D., Cunningham, D.D., Thrombin modulates and reverses neuroblastoma neurite outgrowth (1988) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 85, pp. 3440-3444. , 280227 2835773 10.1073/pnas.85.10.3440
Suidan, H.S., Stone, S.R., Hemmings, B.A., Monard, D., Thrombin causes neurite retraction in neuronal cells through activation of cell surface receptors (1992) Neuron, 8, pp. 363-375. , 10.1016/0896-6273(92)90302-T 1310864
Proctor, V.L., Lloyd, E.D., Houenou, L.J., Thrombin inhibits neurite outgrowth and induces cell death in chick spinal motoneuron cultures (1995) Soc Neurosci Abstr, 21, p. 1303
Monard, D., Cell-derived proteases and protease inhibitors as regulators of neurite outgrowth (1988) Trends Neurosci, 11, pp. 541-544. , 10.1016/0166-2236(88)90182-8 2471310
Hawkins, R.L., Seeds, N.W., Effect of proteases and their inhibitors on neurite outgrowth from neonatal mouse sensory ganglia in culture (1986) Brain Res, 398 (1), pp. 63-70. , 10.1016/0006-8993(86)91250-3 3542123
Duggal, N., Schmidt-Kastner, R., Hakim, A.M., Nestin expression in reactive astrocytes following focal cerebral ischemia in rats (1997) Brain Research, 768, pp. 1-9. , 10.1016/S0006-8993(97)00588-X 9369294
Li, Y., Chopp, M., Temporal profile of nestin expression after focal cerebral ischemia in adult rat (1999) Brain Research, 838 (1), pp. 1-10. , 10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01502-4 10446310
Lin, R.C.S., Matesic, D.F., Marvin, M., McKay, R.D.G., Brustle, O., Re-expression of the intermediate filament nestin in reactive astrocytes (1995) Neurobiology of Disease, 2, pp. 79-85. , 10.1006/nbdi.1995.0008 8980011
Kuroda, T., Nakamura, H., Itoh, K., Le, W.R., Yoshimura, Si., Takenaka, K., Sakai, N., Nestin immunoreactivity in local neurons of the adult rat striatum after remote cortical injury (2002) Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy, 24, pp. 137-146. , 10.1016/S0891-0618(02)00042-X 12191730
Zimmerman, L., Lendahl, U., Cunningham, M., McKay, R., Parr, B., Gavin, B., Mann, J., McMahon, A., Independent regulatory elements in the nestin gene direct transgene expression to neural stem cells or muscle precursors (1994) Neuron, 12, pp. 11-24. , 10.1016/0896-6273(94)90148-1 8292356
Tropepe, V., Hitoshi, S., Sirard, C., Mak, T.W., Rossant, J., van der Kooy, D., Direct neural fate specification from embryonic stem cells: A primitive mammalian neural stem cell stage acquired through a default mechanism (2001) Neuron, 30, pp. 65-78. , 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00263-X 11343645
Takagi, M., Umetsu, Y., Fujiwara, M., Wakitani, S., High inoculation cell density could accelerate the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to chondrocyte cells (2007) J Biosci Bioeng, 103, pp. 98-100. , 10.1263/jbb.103.98 17298908
Wislet-Gendebien, S., Bruyere, F., Hans, G., Leprince, P., Moonen, G., Rogister, B., Nestin-positive mesenchymal stem cells favour the astroglial lineage in neural progenitors and stem cells by releasing active BMP4 (2004) BMC Neurosci, 5, p. 33. , 520747 15369599 10.1186/1471-2202-5-33
Nakano, K., Migita, M., Mochizuki, H., Shimada, T., Differentiation of transplanted bone marrow cells in the adult mouse brain (2001) Transplantation, 71, pp. 1735-1740. , 10.1097/00007890-200106270-00006 11455251
Turgeon, V.L., Salman, N., Houenou, L.J., Thrombin: A neuronal cell modulator (2000) Thromb Res, 99, pp. 417-427. , 10.1016/S0049-3848(00)00300-5 10973669