Spectroscopic properties of protochlorophyllide analyzed in situ in the course of etiolation and in illuminated leaves

[en] The spectroscopic properties of photoactive (ie. flash-transformable) and nonphotoactive protochlorophyll(ide)s (Pchl(ide)) were reinvestigated during the development of bean leaves in darkness. Two phases in the process of Pchl(ide) accumulation were apparent from quantitative measurements of pigment content: a lag phase (first week) during which photoactive Pchl(ide) accumulated faster than nonphotoactive Pchl(ide); and a fast phase (second week), showing parallel accumulation of both types of Pchl(ide). 'Flashed-minus-dark' absorbance difference spectra recorded in situ at 77 K showed that P650-655 was the predominant form of photoactive protochlorophyllide regardless of developmental stage. Quantitative analysis of energy migration processes between the Pchl(ide) forms showed the existence of energy transfer units containing a 1:8 ratio of nonphotoactive and photoactive Pchl(ide)s during development. Gaussian deconvolution of in situ 77 K fluorescence spectra indicated that the 633 nm band of nonphotoactive Pchl(ide) was made of four bands, at 625, 631, 637 and 643 nm, whose relative amplitudes only slightly changed during development. The emission band of photoactive Pchlide was also analyzed using the same method. Three components were found at 644, 652 and 657 nm, The emission band of P650-655 included the last two components, which become predominant only in fully etiolated plants. Photoactive Pchlide with an emission maximum at 653 nm was detected in the light during development of leaves of photoperiodically grown plants.

Disciplines :

Biochemistry, biophysics & molecular biology

Author, co-author :

Schoefs, B.

Bertrand, M.

Franck, Fabrice ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Biochimie végétale

Language :

English

Title :

Spectroscopic properties of protochlorophyllide analyzed in situ in the course of etiolation and in illuminated leaves

Publication date :

2000

Journal title :

Photochemistry and Photobiology

ISSN :

0031-8655

Publisher :

Allen Press, Lawrence, United States - Kansas

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

85-93

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 17 May 2010

Statistics

Number of views

57 (1 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

2 (1 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

Bibliography

Henningsen, K. W. and J. E. Boynton (1969) Macromolecular physiology of plastids. VII. The effect of a brief illumination on plastids of dark-grown barley leaves. J. Cell Sci. 5, 757-793.
Klein, S. and J. A. Schiff (1972) The correlated appearance of proplamellar bodies, protochlorophyll(ide) species and the Shibata shift during development of bean etioplast in the dark. Plant Physiol. 49, 619-626.
Scheumann, V., H. Klement, M. Helfrich, U. Oster, S. Schoch and W. Rüdiger (1999) Protochlorophyllide b does not occur in barley etioplasts. FEBS Lett. 445, 445-448.
Griffiths, W. T. (1991) Protochlorophyllide photoreduction. In Chlorophyll (Edited by H. Scheer), pp. 433-449. Academic Press, Boca Raton.
Rüdiger, W. (1997) Chlorophyll metabolism: from outer space down to the molecular level. Phytochemistry 46, 1151-1167.
Schoefs B.(1999) The light-dependent and the light-independent reduction of protochlorophyllide a to chlorophyllide a. Photosynthetica 36, 481-496.
Franck, F. (1981) Quenching of the chlorophyllide fluorescence by a short lived intermediate in the photoreduction of protochlorophyllide. In Photosynthesis. Chloroplast Development, Vol. V (Edited by G. Akoyunoglou), pp. 45-53. Balaban International Sciences Services, Philadelphia.
Martin, G. E. M., M. P. Timko and H. M. Wilks (1997) Purification and kinetic analysis of pea (Pisum sativum L.) NADPH: protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase expressed as fusion with maltose binding protein in Escherichia coli. Biochem. J. 325, 139-145.
Sironval, C., Y. Kuyper, J.-M. Michel and M. Brouers (1967) On the primary photoact in the conversion of protochlorophyllide into chlorophyllide. Stud. Biophys. 5, 43-50.
Virgin, H. I. (1981) The physical state of protochlorophyll(ide). Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 32, 451-463.
Böddi, B., A. Lindsten, M. Ryberg and C. Sundqvist (1989) On the aggregational state of protochlorophyllide and its protein complexes in wheat etioplasts. Physiol. Plant. 76, 135-143.
Wiktorsson, B., S. Engdahl, L. B. Zhong, B. Böddi, M. Ryberg and C. Sundqvist (1993) The effect of cross-linking of the sub-unit of NADPH-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase on the aggregational state of protochlorophyllide. Photosynthetica 29, 205-218.
Ouazzani Chahdi, A., B. Schoefs and F. Franck (1998) Purification and characterization of photoactive complexes of NADPH:protochlorophyllide reductase from wheat. Planta 206, 673-680.
Cohen, C. E. and C. A. Rebeiz (1981) Chloroplast biogenesis. 34. Spectrofluorimetric characterization in situ of protochlorophyllide species in etiolated tissues of higher plants. Plant Physiol. 67, 98-103.
Schoefs, B., M. Bertrand and F. Franck (1995) Spectral heterogeneity of photoinactive protochlorophyllide in dark-grown bean leaf and pine cotyledons. In Photosynthesis: From Light to Biosphere, Vol. 3 (Edited by P. Mathis), pp. 1009-1012. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
Böddi, B. and F. Franck (1997) Room temperature fluorescence spectra of protochlorophyllide and chlorophyllide forms in etiolated leaves. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol. 41, 73-82.
Schoefs, B. and F. Franck (1998) Chlorophyll synthesis in dark-grown pine primary needles. Plant Physiol. 118, 1159-1168.
Bovey, F., T. Ogawa and K. Shibata (1974) Photoconvertible and non-photoconvertible forms of protochlorophyll(ide) in etiolated bean leaves. Plant Cell Physiol. 15, 1133-1137.
Lancer, H. A., C. E. Cohen and J. A. Schiff (1976) Changing ratios of phototransformable protochlorophyll and protochlorophyllide of bean seedlings developing in the dark. Plant Physiol. 57, 369-374.
Schoefs, B., M. Bertrand and Y. Lemoine (1998) Changes of the photosynthetic pigment content in bean leaves during the first photoperiod of greening. Comparison between etiolated (10 d-old) and young (2 d-old) leaves. Photosynth. Res. 57, 203-213.
Holtorf, H., S. Reinbothe, C. Reinbothe, B. Bereza and K. Apel (1995) Two routes of chlorophyllide synthesis that are differentially regulated by light in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 3254-3258.
Armstrong, G. A., S. Runge, G. Frick, U. Sperling and K. Apel (1995) Identification of NADPH:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductases A and B: a branched pathway for light-dependent chlorophyll biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol. 108, 1505-1517.
Ryberg, M. and C. Sundqvist (1991) Structural and functional significance of pigment-protein complexes of chlorophyll precursors. In Chlorophyll (Edited by H. Scheer), pp. 587-612. Academic Press, Boca Raton.
Schoefs, B. and F. Franck (1993) Photoreduction of protochlorophyllide to chlorophyllide in 2-d-old dark-grown bean (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Commodore) leaves. Comparison with 10-d-old dark-grown (etiolated) leaves. J. Exp. Bot. 44, 1053-1057.
Schoefs, B., H.-P. Garnir and M. Bertrand (1994) Comparison of the photoreduction of protochlorophyllide to chlorophyllide in leaves and cotyledons from dark-growth bean as a function of age. Photosynth. Res. 41, 405-417.
Sperling, U., F. Franck, B. van Cleve, G. Frick, K. Apel and G. Armstrong (1998) Etioplast differentiation in Arabidopsis: both PORA and PORB restore the prolamellar body and photoactive Pchlide-F655 to the cop1 photomorphogenic mutant. Plant Cell 10, 283-296.
Franck, F. and K. Strazlka (1992) Detection of photoactive protochlorophyllide-protein complex in the light during the greening of barley. FEBS Lett. 309, 73-77.
Sironval, C., M. Brouers, J.-M. Michel and Y. Kuyper (1968) The reduction of protochlorophyllide into chlorophyllide. I. The kinetics of the P657-647 → P688-676 phototransformation. Photosynthetica 2, 268-387.
Brouers, M. and C. Sironval (1970) The reduction of protochlorophyllide into chlorophyllide. The temperature dependence of the P657-647 → P688-677 phototransformation. Photosynthetica 6, 38-47.
Franck, F., B. Bereza and B. Böddi (1999) Protochlorophyllide-NADP+ and protochlorophyllide-NADPH complexes and their regeneration after flash illumination in leaves and etioplast membranes of dark-grown wheat. Photosynth. Res. 59, 53-61.
Shibata, K. (1957) Spectroscopic studies on chlorophyll formation in intact leaves. J. Biochem. 44, 147-173.
Lebedev, N. and M. P. Timko (1999) Protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase B-catalyzed protochlorophyllide photoreduction in vitro: insight into the mechanism of chlorophyll formation in light-adapted plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 179954-179 959.
Seyyedi, M., M. P. Timko and C. Sundqvist (1999) Protochlorophyllide, NADPH-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase, and chlorophyll formation in the lip1 mutant of pea. Physiol. Plant. 106, 344-354.
Böddi, B., M. Ryberg and C. Sundqvist (1992) Identification of four universal protochlorophyllide forms in dark-grown leaves by analysis of the 77 K fluorescence emission spectra. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol. 12, 389-401.
Litvin, F. F., Y. I. Yefimtsev and N. V. Ignatov (1976) Energy migration in the photoactive complexes of a chlorophyll precursor in etiolated leaves and spectroscopic characteristics of the pigment forms. Biofizika 21, 307-312.
Ignatov, N. V., A. A. Krasnovskii, F. F. Litvin and O. B. Belyaeva (1983) Low-temperature (77 K) excitation spectra of native forms of protochlorophyll(ide) in etiolated leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris and P. coccineus. Photosynthetica 17, 352-360.
Kahn, A., N. K. Boardman and S. W. Thorne (1970) Energy transfer between protochlorophyllide molecules: evidence for multiple chromophores in the photoactive protochlorophyllide-protein complex in vivo and in vitro. J. Mol. Biol. 48, 85-101.
Böddi, B., K. Kis-Petik, A. D. Kaposi, J. Fidy and C. Sundqvist (1998) The two spectroscopically different short-wavelength protochlorophyllide forms in pea epicotyls are both monomeric. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1365, 531-540.
Sironval, C. (1972) The reduction of protochlorophyllide into chlorophyllide. VI. Calculation of the size of the transfer unit and the initial quantum yield of the reduction in vivo. Photosynthetica 6, 375-380.
Wilks, H. M. and M. P. Timko (1992) A light-dependent complementary system for analysis NADPH:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase: identification and mutagenesis of two conserved residues that are essential for activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 724-728.
Lebedev, N., P. Siffel and A. A. Krasnovskii (1985) Detection of protochlorophyllide forms in illuminated green leaves and chloroplasts by difference spectroscopy at 77 K. Photosynthetica 19, 183-187.