galaxies : star clusters; HII regions; Magellanic Clouds; X-rays : individual (NGC 346)
Abstract :
[en] We present results from a Chandra observation of the NGC 346 cluster, which is the ionizing source of N66, the most luminous H II region and the largest star formation region in the SMC. In the first part of this investigation, we have analyzed the X-ray properties of the cluster itself and the remarkable star HD 5980, but the field contains additional objects of interest. In total, 75 X-ray point sources were detected in the Chandra observation: this is 5 times the number of sources detected by previous X-ray surveys. We investigate here their characteristics in detail. Because of high foreground absorption, the sources possess rather high hardness ratios. Their cumulative luminosity function appears generally steeper than that for the rest of the SMC at higher luminosities. Their absorption columns suggest that most of the sources belong to NGC 346. Using Digitized Sky Survey data and new UBVRI imaging with the ESO 2.2 m telescope, we also discovered possible counterparts for 32 of these X-ray sources and estimated a B spectral type for a large number of these counterparts. This tends to suggest that most of the X-ray sources in the field are in fact X-ray binaries. Finally, some objects show X-ray and/or optical variability, with a need for further monitoring.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Nazé, Yaël ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Groupe d'astrophysique des hautes énergies (GAPHE)
Hartwell, J. M.
Stevens, I. R.
Manfroid, Jean ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO)
Marchenko, S.
Corcoran, M. F.
Moffat, A. F. J.
Skalkowski, G.
Language :
English
Title :
An X-ray investigation of the NGC 346 field in the Small Magellanic Cloud. II. The field population
Publication date :
01 April 2003
Journal title :
Astrophysical Journal
ISSN :
0004-637X
eISSN :
1538-4357
Publisher :
Univ Chicago Press, Chicago, United States - Illinois
scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.
Bibliography
Arnaud, K. 1996, in ASP Conf. Ser. 101, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V, ed. G. H. Jacoby & J. Barnes (San Francisco: ASP), 17
Azzopardi, M., Vigneau, J., & Macquet, M. 1975, A&AS, 22, 285
Bauer, F. E., Brandt, W. N., Sambruna, R. M., Chartas, G., Garmire, G. P., Kaspi, S., & Netzer, H. 2001, AJ, 122, 182
Blanton, E. L., Sarazin, C. L., & Irwin, J. A. 2001, ApJ, 552, 106
Bohlin, R. C., Savage, B. D., & Drake, J. F. 1978, ApJ, 224, 132
Bouchet, P., Lequeux, J., Maurice, E., Prevot, L., & Prevot-Burnichon, M. L. 1985, A&A, 149, 330
Corbet, R. H. D. 1986, MNRAS, 220, 1047
Fitzpatrick, E. L. 1985, ApJS, 59, 77
Gehrels, N. 1986, ApJ, 303, 336
Haberl, F., Filipovic, M. D., Pietsch, W., & Kahabka, P. 2000, A&AS, 142, 41
Haberl, F., & Sasaki, M. 2000, A&A, 359, 573
Henize, K. G. 1956, ApJS, 2, 315
Irwin, J. A., Sarazin, C. L., & Bregman, J. N. 2002, ApJ, 570, 152
Israel, F. P. 1997, A&A, 328, 471
Israel, G. L., Stella, L., Angelini, L., White, N. E., Giommi, P., & Covino, S. 1997, ApJ, 484, L141
Kahabka, P., & Pietsch, W. 1996, A&A, 312, 919
Lamb, R. C., Fox, D. W., Macomb, D. J., & Prince, T. A. 2002, ApJ, 574, L29
Lejeune, T., & Schaerer, D. 2001, A&A, 366, 538
Lequeux, J., Le Bourlot, J., Pineau des Forets, G., Roueff, E., Boulanger, F., & Rubio, M. 1994, A&A, 292, 371
Maeder, A., Grebel, E. K., & Mermilliod, J.-C. 1999, A&A, 346, 459
Martin, C. L., Kobulnicky, H. A., & Heckman, T. M. 2002, ApJ, 574, 663
Mason, K. O., et al. 2001, A&A, 365, L36
Massey, P., Parker, J. W., & Garmany, C. D. 1989, AJ, 98, 1305
Mathewson, D. S., Ford, V. L., & Visvanathan, N. 1986, ApJ, 301, 664
McGee, R. X., & Newton, L. M. 1982, Proc. Astron. Soc. Australia, 4, 308
Meyssonnier, N., & Azzopardi, M. 1993, A&AS, 102, 451
Nazé, Y., Hartwell, J. M., Stevens, I. R., Corcoran, M. F., Chu, Y.-H., Koenigsberger, G., Moffat, A. F. J., & Niemela, V. S. 2002, ApJ, 580, 225 (Paper I)
Roberts, D. H., Lehar, J., & Dreher, J. W. 1987, AJ, 93, 968
Sarazin, C. L., Irwin, J, A., & Bregman, J. N. 2001, ApJ, 556, 533
Sasaki, M., Haberl, F., & Pietsch, W. 2000, A&AS, 147, 75
Schmidt-Kaler, Th. 1982, Landolt-Börnstein Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, New Series, Group VI, Vol. 2b (Berlin: Springer)
Schwering, P. B. W., & Israel, F. P. 1991, A&A, 246, 231
Ye, T., Turtle, A. J., & Kennicutt, R. C., Jr. 1991, MNRAS, 249, 722
Similar publications
Sorry the service is unavailable at the moment. Please try again later.
This website uses cookies to improve user experience. Read more
Save & Close
Accept all
Decline all
Show detailsHide details
Cookie declaration
About cookies
Strictly necessary
Performance
Strictly necessary cookies allow core website functionality such as user login and account management. The website cannot be used properly without strictly necessary cookies.
This cookie is used by Cookie-Script.com service to remember visitor cookie consent preferences. It is necessary for Cookie-Script.com cookie banner to work properly.
Performance cookies are used to see how visitors use the website, eg. analytics cookies. Those cookies cannot be used to directly identify a certain visitor.
Used to store the attribution information, the referrer initially used to visit the website
Cookies are small text files that are placed on your computer by websites that you visit. Websites use cookies to help users navigate efficiently and perform certain functions. Cookies that are required for the website to operate properly are allowed to be set without your permission. All other cookies need to be approved before they can be set in the browser.
You can change your consent to cookie usage at any time on our Privacy Policy page.