[en] The catalytic hydrogenation of amides with molecular hydrogen (H2) is an appealing route for the synthesis of valuable amines entering in the preparation of countless organic compounds. Running effective amide hydrogenation under mild H2 pressures is challenging although desirable to preclude the need for specialized high-pressure technologies in research and industry. Here we show that magnetocatalysis with standard supported catalysts enables unprecedented amide hydrogenation at mild conditions. Widely available and commercial platinum on alumina (Pt/Al2O3) was functionalized with iron carbide nanoparticles (ICNPs) to allow for localized and rapid magnetic induction heating resulting in the activation of neighboring Pt sites by thermal energy transfer. Exposure of the ICNPs@Pt/Al2O3 catalyst to an alternating current magnetic field enables highly active and selective hydrogenation of a range of amides at a reactor temperature of 150 °C under 3 bar or even ambient pressure of H2. ICNPs@Pt/Al2O3 reacts adaptively to fluctuations in electricity supply mimicking the use of intermittent renewable energy sources. This work may pave the way toward a greatly enhanced practicability of amide hydrogenation at the laboratory and production scales, and demonstrates more generally the broad potential of the emerging field of magnetocatalysis for synthetic chemistry.
Disciplines :
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Lin, Sheng-Hsiang ; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany ; Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Ahmedi, Sihana; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany ; Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Kretschmer, Aaron; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
Campalani, Carlotta ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis ; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
Kayser, Yves; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
Kang, Liqun ; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
DeBeer, Serena ; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
Leitner, Walter ; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany ; Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Bordet, Alexis ; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany. alexis.bordet@cec.mpg.de
Language :
English
Title :
Low pressure amide hydrogenation enabled by magnetocatalysis.
MPG - Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften DFG - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft AvH - Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
Funding text :
The work was financially supported by the Max Planck Society and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany\u2019s Excellence Strategy\u2014Exzellenzcluster 2186 \u201CThe Fuel Science Center\u201D ID: 390919832. Furthermore, the authors would like to thank Elena B\u00F6hme (MPI-CEC) for her help with catalyst synthesis, Christian Feike and Philipp Manthey (MPI-CEC) for their support in the Fe K-edge XAFS measurements, Annika Gurowski, Alina Jakubowski and Justus Werkmeister (MPI-CEC) for their support with GC and GC-MS measurements. Open Access provided by the Max Planck Society. We acknowledge DESY (Hamburg, Germany), a member of the Helmholtz Association HGF, for the provision of experimental facilities. Parts of this research were carried out at PETRA III (proposal No. I-20230324), and the authors would like to thank Dr. Edmund Welter for assistance in using P65 applied XAFS beamline. The authors would like to thank Diamond Light Source for access and support in use of the electron Physical Science Imaging Centre (Instrument E02) under proposal number MG35866) that contributed to the STEM results. L.K. acknowledges Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for a postdoctoral fellowship and funding support.
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