[en] Lipids are fundamental to the structure and function of the brain, and their fatty acids (FA) composition is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which have protective effects and modulate gene transcription. For nutrigenomics studies, pigs (Sus scrofa) have been widely used as a biomedical model. Thus, the aimed to investigate whether different dietary oil sources modify the pig brain's lipid and transcriptomic profile. A 98-day study was performed using fifty-four male pigs. Treatments consisted of corn-soybean meal diets containing 3 % of soybean oil (SOY), canola oil (CO), or fish oil (FO). Total mRNA was extracted for sequencing. As a result, feeding diets with different oil sources affected the percentage of some FA. Palmitic acid showed a greater concentration in diets containing SOY with 27.037 %. Oleic acid and eicosenoic acid, showed a greater concentration in diets containing SOY, with 30.968 % and 2.096 %, respectively; and, total PUFA showed a better concentration in diets containing SOY and FO, with 11.685 % and 12.150 %, respectively. After quality control, considering the total reads obtained for the three groups, 94.87% were mapped against the reference genome SScrofa11.1. A comparison of gene expression between the groups of pigs was carried out by using the DESeq2 statistical package (R/Bioconductor). From SOY vs CO comparison, five differentially expressed genes (DEG, FDR < 0.05) were identified, from SOY vs FO forty-four DEG were verified, and from CO vs FO thirty-nine DEG were found. The functional enrichment analysis resulted in pathway maps (P < 0.05) related to apoptosis and cell proliferation, obesity and type 2 diabetes, neurophysiological process, and inflammation. The networks were associated with signal transduction, calcium transport, and oxidative stress. Overall, the results showed that diets with different oil sources could affect some brain tissue parameters and may help guide future research on the availability of dietary FA in the brain.
Disciplines :
Animal production & animal husbandry
Author, co-author :
da Silva, Bruna Pereira Martins ; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Campus Fernando Costa, Pirassununga, Brazil
Fanalli, Simara Larissa ; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Campus Fernando Costa, Pirassununga, Brazil
Gomes, Julia Dezen ; Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
de Almeida, Vivian Vezzoni; College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
Fukumasu, Heidge; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Campus Fernando Costa, Pirassununga, Brazil
Costa Monteiro Moreira, Gabriel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de gestion vétérinaire des Ressources Animales (DRA)
Silva-Vignato, Bárbara ; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Campus Fernando Costa, Pirassununga, Brazil
Afonso, Juliana ; Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Highway Washington Luiz, Brazil
Reecy, James Mark ; Iowa State University, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Ames, United States
Koltes, James Eugene; Iowa State University, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Ames, United States
Koltes, Dawn; Iowa State University, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Ames, United States
Balieiro, Júlio Cesar de Carvalho ; College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
Regitano, Luciana Correia de Almeida; Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Highway Washington Luiz, Brazil
de Alencar, Severino Matias; Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Mourão, Gerson Barreto; Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Coutinho, Luiz Lehmann ; Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Luchiari Filho, Albino; Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
Cesar, Aline Silva Mello ; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Campus Fernando Costa, Pirassununga, Brazil ; Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior FAPESP - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Funding text :
This work was supported by the S\u00E3o Paulo Research Foundation supported this study (FAPESP, Grant numbers: 2017/25180-2, 2018/15653-3, 2018/26816-0, and 2020/10042-6); the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); and the Coordena\u00E7\u00E3o de Aperfei\u00E7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00EDvel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001.
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