Climatic challenges for reproductive performances of dairy cattle herds in Algeria

[en] Variations in climate are common throughout the Mediterranean area, particularly in Algeria. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the effects of environmental changes particularly the daily temperature-humidity index (THI), breeding region, and breed type on a variety of reproductive parameters including the conception rate at first, second, and third artificial insemination and more (CR1stAI and CR2ndAI, respectively), repeat breeding cows (RBC) overall conception rate (OCR), apparent fertility index (AFI), and reproductive period (RP). A total of 40 956 AI was performed on 24 657 cows from 2016 to 2021 sourced from CNIAAG. The results highlight the low levels of fertility in dairy cattle in Algeria, which was made worse by the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the results showed that both humid and arid regions are stressful zones (THI >72), and Algeria clearly exhibits summer heat stress. Significant correlations between THI and Algerian cattle fertility (P < 0.000) have been observed. When THI was less than 72, reproductive parameters were better but worsened when THI grater than72. The results of the Odds ratio (0.746 and 0.531) indicated a lowered likelihood of OCR and CR1stAI for THI >80 compared to THI <68. There were differences in reproductive parameters among regions, the arid regions had the highest levels of CR1stAI and services per conception SPC. The breeds significantly influenced the reproductive performance (P < 0.001), the local population exhibiting the highest performance. A significant interaction effect of multiple factors with THI was registered. This study underscores the adverse effects of climatic conditions on dairy cattle fertility, highlighting the imperative of finding strategies to alleviate these detriments. Focusing particularly on the well-being of dairy cows emerges as a key avenue for mitigating these challenges.

Disciplines :

Veterinary medicine & animal health

Author, co-author :

Ferag, Aziza ^✱

Gherissi, Djalel Eddine ^✱

Khenenou, Tarek ^✱

Lamraoui, Ramzi ^✱

Boughanem, Amel ^✱

Hadj Moussa, Hafida ^✱

Titaouine, Mohammed ^✱

Hanzen, Christian ^✱; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'Enseignement et de Clinique des animaux de Production (DCP)

Marnet, Pierre-Guy ^✱

^✱ These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Language :

English

Title :

Climatic challenges for reproductive performances of dairy cattle herds in Algeria

Alternative titles :

[fr] Enjeux climatiques des performances de reproduction de la vache laitière en Algérie

Original title :

[en] Climatic challenges for reproductive performances of dairy cattle herds in Algeria

Publication date :

February 2026

Journal title :

Journal of Thermal Biology

ISSN :

0306-4565

eISSN :

1879-0992

Publisher :

Elsevier BV

Volume :

136

Issue :

Pages :

104419

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0306456526000525?httpAccept=text/xml

Available on ORBi :

since 14 February 2026

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