[en] Fertilizer type plays a critical role in nitrogen (N) cycling, influencing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, soil mineral N dynamics, and microbial communities. Understanding these interactions is essential for developing sustainable fertilization strategies that balance agricultural productivity with environmental protection. This study examined the effects of mineral and organic fertilizers (OFs) on N transformations and evaluated the efficiency of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) in mitigating N2O losses. Results showed that OFs exhibited variable impacts on N2O emissions depending on their composition and C/N ratio. DMPP effectively reduced nitrification-driven N2O emissions, particularly in treatments with high ammoniacal N content. However, its efficiency was limited with animal-based OFs, suggesting a complex interaction between fertilizer properties and inhibitor effectiveness. DMPP had not direct impact on soil microbial diversity but specifically targeted the Nitrosomonaceae family and Nitrospira class. Beyond synthetic inhibitors, biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) emerged as a promising alternative, which we explored using rhizospheric soils from wheat landrace Persia 44 and white mustard (cv. Pole Position and cv. Verdi). These soils significantly reduced N2O emissions, particularly when combined with OFs. The integration of BNI with organic fertilizers, especially liquid digestate, represents a promising strategy for reducing N losses while maintaining soil fertility. This study underscores the need for tailored fertilization strategies that combine chemical and biological tools to optimize N use efficiency and support environmentally sustainable agriculture.
Vega-Mas, Izargi ; Plant Genetics and Rhizosphere Processes Laboratory, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium ; Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
Mancia, Aude ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Plant Sciences
Maggetto, Lucas ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Plant Sciences
Waalse Gewest Basque Government SNSF - Swiss National Science Foundation Wallonia F.R.S.-FNRS - Fund for Scientific Research
Funding text :
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Walloon Region of Belgium (Wallonie agriculture SPW) grant agreement GAIN (Project D31-1378-/S1) and the SusCrop-ERA-NET Program (Project: Catch-BNI). This work was also supported by the Consolidated Groups program (IT1560-22) of the Basque Government. I.V.M. also acknowledges the Basque Government for her postdoctoral fellowship (POS-2018-1-005). H.M.K and C.T acknowledge the SNSF and FNRS for joint funding of the PlantaGO project (grant number. 310030L_220103/1). The following organisation are also acknowledged for providing organic fertilizers: S.C. Biogaz Du Haut Geer (Ga\u00EBtan de Seny) for the liquid digestate (D), CRA-W (Dr Bernard Godden) for the two animal-based fertilizers (CS and CM) and Fayt-Carlier for Orgamine 7 (O7). The company DSV (Deutsche Saatveredelung) is acknowledged for providing the seeds of both white mustard varieties. Australian Grains Genebank (AGG) is acknowledged for providing the seeds of wheat. We acknowledge the help of Jean-Claude Walser in performing bioinformatic analysis at the Euler Scientific Compute Cluster at ETH Z\u00FCrich.
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