Article (Scientific journals)
Constraints on the properties of macroscopic transport in the Sun from combined lithium and beryllium depletion
Buldgen, Gaël; Noels, A.; Amarsi, A.M. et al.
2025In Astronomy and Astrophysics, 694, p. 285
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Keywords :
Sun: abundances; Sun: fundamental parameters; Sun: helioseismology; Sun: oscillations; Convective envelope; Convective zone; Macroscopic transport; Neutrino fluxes; Property; Stellar evolutions; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science; astro-ph.SR
Abstract :
[en] Context. The Sun is a privileged laboratory of stellar evolution, thanks to the quality and complementary nature of available constraints. Using these observations, we are able to draw a detailed picture of its internal structure and dynamics, which forms the basis of the successes of solar modelling. Amongst such observations, constraints on the depletion of lithium and beryllium are key tracers of the required efficiency and extent of macroscopic mixing just below the solar convective envelope. Thanks to revised determinations of these abundances, we may use them in conjunction with other existing spectroscopic and helioseismic constraints to study in detail the properties of macroscopic transport. Aims. We aim to constrain the efficiency of macroscopic transport at the base of the solar convective zone (BCZ) and determining the compatibility of the observations with a suggested candidate linked with the transport of angular momentum in the solar radiative interior. Methods. We use recent spectroscopic observations of lithium and beryllium abundance and include them in solar evolutionary model calibrations. We test the agreement of such models in terms of position of the convective envelope, helium mass fraction in the convective zone, sound speed profile inversions, and neutrino fluxes. Results. We constrain the required efficiency and extent of the macroscopic mixing at the base of the BCZ, finding that a power-law density with an index, n, between 3 and 6 would reproduce the data, with efficiencies at the BCZ of about 6000 cm2/s, depending on the value of n. We also confirm that macroscopic mixing worsens the agreement with neutrino fluxes and that the current implementations of the magnetic Tayler instability are unable to explain the observations.
Research Center/Unit :
STAR - Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research - ULiège
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Buldgen, Gaël ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astrophysique stellaire théorique et astérosismologie
Noels, A.;  STAR Institute, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
Amarsi, A.M. ;  Theoretical Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Nandal, D. ;  University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
Pezzotti, Camilla ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR)
Scuflaire, Richard  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astrophysique stellaire théorique et astérosismologie
Deal, M. ;  LUPM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
Grevesse, Nicolas ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Centres généraux > CSL (Centre Spatial de Liège)
Language :
English
Title :
Constraints on the properties of macroscopic transport in the Sun from combined lithium and beryllium depletion
Publication date :
February 2025
Journal title :
Astronomy and Astrophysics
ISSN :
0004-6361
eISSN :
1432-0746
Publisher :
EDP Sciences
Volume :
694
Pages :
A285
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Funders :
F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique
Funding text :
We thank the referee for their careful reading of the manuscript. GB acknowledges fundings from the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS) as a postdoctoral researcher. AMA gratefully acknowledges support from the Swedish Research Council (VR 2020-03940) and from the Crafoord Foundation via the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (CR 2024-0015). We acknowledge support by the ISSI team \u201CProbing the core of the Sun and the stars\u201D (ID 423) led by Thierry Appourchaux.
Commentary :
Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Available on ORBi :
since 27 December 2025

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