[en] Bovine trypanosomosis caused by Trypanosoma vivax is a health problem of economic importance in South America. In Ecuador, the presence of T. vivax was first reported in 2018; however, the isolates found in Ecuador are still being studied, mainly on issues related to virulence, pathogenicity, and immune response. To this end, this study aimed to evaluate the cellular and humoral adaptive immune response in vivo in experimentally infected cattle with T. vivax. The study lasted 42 days (with samples collected twice weekly) and was conducted in two cattle experimentally infected with an isolate of T. vivax circulating in Ecuador (TvET1) and two uninfected cattle as controls. Parasitemia was determined by the Brener method and relative gene expression (RGE) of six cytokines was evaluated by RT-qPCR to determine the Th1 response (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12) and the Th2 response (IL-4 and IL-10). Additionally, the total IgG and the IgG1 (Th2) and IgG2 (Th1) subclasses levels were measured using an in-house iELISA. During the study, the animals exhibited four parasitemia peaks concomitant with the cytokines IFN-γ and IL-10. These cytokines, like TNF-α, showed a significant RGE increase (p < 0.05) in infected animals. The presence of total IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 was significant (p < 0.05) in infected animals, and presented a solid monotonic relationship over time. The predominant immunoglobulin subclass was IgG1, and we found that this response was similar to the total IgG. The present study allowed us to highlight the Th response of cattle to T. vivax infection, which is polarized into both a Th1 and a Th2 response. This information contributes to understanding the host-pathogen interaction with strains circulating in Ecuador. The thoroughness of our study can provide the needed knowledge to develop new diagnostic tests and even possible alternatives for vaccine development.
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Cholota-Iza, Cristina; Maestría en Biomedicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional SEK, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador ; Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
Torres-Arias, Marbel; Maestría en Biomedicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional SEK, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador ; Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
Chavez Larrea, María Augusta ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Université de Liège - ULiège ; Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
Bedoya-Paez, Fausto; Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
Cisneros-Ruiz, Mishell; Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería Agropecuaria, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
Morales-Moreno, Georgina; Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería Agropecuaria, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
Ron-Román, Jorge; Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería Agropecuaria, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
Saegerman, Claude ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires (DMI) > Epidémiologie et analyse des risques appliqués aux sciences vétérinaires
Reyna-Bello, Armando ; Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
Language :
English
Title :
Trypanosoma vivax elicits both Th1 and Th2 immunological responses in experimentally infected cattle.
ARES - Académie de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur
Funding text :
Funding: This work was supported by the Academy of Research and Higher Education (ARES, Belgium) through the Research forThis work was supported by the Academy of Research and Higher Education (ARES, Belgium) through the Research for Development Project entitled \u201CEstablishment of a Platform to support training and awareness, diagnosis and development of a control strategy for brucellosis and trypanosomoses in Ecuador (acronym: BruTryp). We want to thank the Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE for their assistance in carrying out the experimental infections and for providing us with space in their laboratories for this work.
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