Breaking down the complexity of network operation

This presentation introduces a practical framework to manage the rising operational complexity of power systems under deep renewable penetration and its associated uncertainty. The core idea is a hierarchical network-decoupling scheme that partitions the grid into operational graphs coordinated only through interface “envelopes.” Parent graphs keep voltages within a Contractual Operational Envelope (COE), while child graphs bound their net power within a Dynamic Operating Envelope (DOE). These envelopes are computed so that, if respected, each graph can be operated securely and independently. We assume COEs are bilaterally agreed and formulate DOE assignment as a maximum-utility problem subject to physical and security constraints, showing a tractable reformulation under mild assumptions. We also outline a post-allocation market in which participants can exchange portions of their DOE limits. The approach applies recursively down to end users, isolating uncertainty sources, clarifying responsibilities, and enabling distributed, information-local decision making. Illustrative examples demonstrate how the decoupling method simplifies planning and real-time control while preserving security.