[en] [en] BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Wood traits are increasingly being used to document tree performance. In the Congo Basin, however, weaker seasonality causes asynchrony of wood traits between trees. Here, we monitor growth and phenology data to date the formation of traits.
METHODS: For two seasons, leaf and cambial phenology were monitored on four Terminalia superba trees (Mayombe) using cameras, cambial pinning and dendrometers. Subsequently, vessel lumen and parenchyma fractions as well as high-resolution isotopes (δ13C/δ18O) were quantified on the formed rings. All traits were dated and related to weather data.
KEY RESULTS: We observed between-tree differences in green-up of 45 d, with trees flushing before and after the rainy season. The lag between green-up and onset of xylem formation was 59 ± 21 d. The xylem growing season lasted 159 ± 17 d with between-tree differences of up to 53 d. Synchronized vessel, parenchyma and δ13C profiles were related to each other. Only parenchyma fraction and δ13C were correlated to weather variables, whereas the δ18O pattern showed no trend.
CONCLUSIONS: Asynchrony of leaf and cambial phenology complicates correct interpretation of environmental information recorded in wood. An integrated approach including high-resolution measurements of growth, stable isotopes and anatomical features allows exact dating of the formation of traits. This methodology offers a means to explore the asynchrony of growth in a rainforest and contribute to understanding this aspect of forest resilience.
De Mil, Tom ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Gestion des ressources forestières ; UGCT-UGent-Woodlab, Ghent University, Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Environment, Gent, Belgium ; Royal Museum for Central Africa, Wood Biology Service, Tervuren, Belgium
Hubau, Wannes; Royal Museum for Central Africa, Wood Biology Service, Tervuren, Belgium
Angoboy Ilondea, Bhély; UGCT-UGent-Woodlab, Ghent University, Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Environment, Gent, Belgium ; Royal Museum for Central Africa, Wood Biology Service, Tervuren, Belgium ; Institut National pour l'Etude et la Recherche Agronomiques, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Rocha Vargas, Mirvia Angela; UGCT-UGent-Woodlab, Ghent University, Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Environment, Gent, Belgium ; Isotope Bioscience Laboratory - ISOFYS, Ghent University, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Gent, Belgium
Boeckx, Pascal; Isotope Bioscience Laboratory - ISOFYS, Ghent University, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Gent, Belgium
Steppe, Kathy; Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
Van Acker, Joris; UGCT-UGent-Woodlab, Ghent University, Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Environment, Gent, Belgium
Beeckman, Hans; Royal Museum for Central Africa, Wood Biology Service, Tervuren, Belgium
Van den Bulcke, Jan; UGCT-UGent-Woodlab, Ghent University, Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Environment, Gent, Belgium
Language :
English
Title :
Asynchronous leaf and cambial phenology in a tree species of the Congo Basin requires space-time conversion of wood traits.
UGent - Ghent University Belgian Federal Government King Leopold III Fund for Nature Exploration and Conservation FRB - King Baudouin Foundation BAEF - Belgian American Educational Foundation
Funding text :
This work was funded by a Special Research Grant PhD scholarship of T. De Mil from Ghent University (BOF. DOC.2014.0037.01), and by the Brain programme of the Belgian Federal Government (BR/143/A3/HERBAXYLAREDD). A travel grant for T. De Mil was obtained from the King Leopold III Fund for Nature Exploration and Conservation. Sensors were funded by the XYLAREDD (AG/LL/165) project. V. Deklerck and S. Maginet (VLIR-UOS funding) assisted with crown and site descriptions. Final editing and revisions were done by T. De Mil at the University of Arizona, who received a Léon Speeckaert Fund postdoctoral fellowship from the King Baudouin Foundation and the Belgian American Educational Foundation (BAEF).
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