CD; Distance scale; Galaxies: elliptical and lenticular; Gravitational lensing: strong; Quasars: general; Lens model; Mass distribution; Quasars:general; Red shift; Stellar velocity; Time-delay predictions; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science
Abstract :
[en] We present lens models for J1721+8842, the first-ever discovered galaxy-scale strong lens in an Einstein zigzag configuration. The model consists of four separate lensed galaxies, with the primary source hosting a quasar, lensed into six images by two deflectors at redshifts z1 = 0:184 and z2 = 1:885. The configuration of three lensed sources and the lensed light of the deflector at redshift z2 = 1:885 tightly constrain the mass profile of the primary lensing galaxy. Using two standard descriptions for the main perturbers mass distribution - a total power-law profile and a composite dark and stellar mass - the inferred convergence around the location of the lensed images is in excellent agreement. While the strong lensing data alone does not significantly favor either of our profile assumptions for the main deflectors mass distribution, we show that a central stellar velocity dispersion measurement can distinguish or validate them. Using a standard ΛCDM cosmology with H0 = 70 km s-1 Mpc-1, we present time-delay predictions between the lensed quasar images for both models at the percent level modulo a multiplane mass sheet transform. Our models are the first step toward constraining the time-delay distance ratios for J1721+8842, and thus also H0, independent of other methods. In order to achieve an H0 measurement, our models need to be combined in a multiplane lensing analysis with the stellar velocity dispersion for the deflectors, the line-of-sight convergence, and the observed time delays. Owing to its extraordinary configuration, this is an extremely promising system for a high-precision determination of H0.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Schmidt, T. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
Treu, T. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
Birrer, S. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
Millon, M. ; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
Sluse, Dominique ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) ; Star Institute, Liége, Belgium
Galan, A. ; Technical University of Munich, Tum School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Garching, Germany ; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Garching, Germany
Shajib, A.J. ; Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, United States ; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States ; Center for Astronomy Space Science and Astrophysics, Independent University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Lemon, C.; The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
Dux, F.; Institute of Physics, Laboratoire dAstrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, Versoix, Switzerland ; European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile
Courbin, F. ; Institut de Ciéncies del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain ; Icrea, Barcelona, Spain
Language :
English
Title :
TDCOSMO: XVIII. Strong lens model and time-delay predictions for J1721+8842, the first Einstein zigzag lens
This research is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope obtained from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with programs HST-GO-15320 and HST-GO-15652. Support for the two programs was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. We thank the referee for constructive reports. TS TT acknowledge support by the National Science Foundation through grant NSF-AST-1906976 and NSF-AST-1907396 \"Collaborative Research: Toward a 1% measurement of the Hubble Constant with gravitational time delays\". TT acknowledges support by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. MM acknowledges support by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through mobility grant P500PT_203114. SB acknowledges support from the Department of Physics & Astronomy, Stony Brook University. DS acknowledges the support of the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS, Belgium, under grant No. 4.4503.1. This work is also supported by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51492 awarded to AJS by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. AJS also received support from NASA through the Space Telescope Science Institute grants HST-GO-16773 and JWST-GO-2974. AG FC acknowledge funding and support by the SNSF. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodovska-Curie grant agreement No 101105725. This work has received support by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (COSMICLENS: grant agreement No 787886). This research made use of Lenstronomy (Birrer & Amara 2018; Birrer et al. 2021), emcee (Foreman-Mackey et al. 2013), fastell (Barkana 1998), sextrac-tor (Bertin & Arnouts 1996), NumPy (Oliphant 2015), SciPy (Jones et al. 2001), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2018), Jupyter (Kluyver et al. 2016), Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), seaborn (Waskom 2021), getdist (https://github.com/cmbant/getdist), and STARRED (Michalewicz et al. 2023; Millon et al. 2024).This research is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope obtained from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with programs HST-GO-15320 and HST-GO-15652. Support for the two programs was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. We thank the referee for constructive reports. TS TT acknowledge support by the National Science Foundation through grant NSF-AST-1906976 and NSF-AST-1907396 \u201CCollaborative Research: Toward a 1% measurement of the Hubble Constant with gravitational time delays\u201D. TT acknowledges support by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. MM acknowledges support by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through mobility grant P500PT_203114. SB acknowledges support from the Department of Physics & Astronomy, Stony Brook University. DS acknowledges the support of the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS, Belgium, under grant No. 4.4503.1. This work is also supported by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51492 awarded to AJS by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. AJS also received support from NASA through the Space Telescope Science Institute grants HST-GO-16773 and JWST-GO-2974. AG FC acknowledge funding and support by the SNSF. This project has received funding from the European Union\u2019s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodovska-Curie grant agreement No 101105725. This work has received support by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (COSMICLENS: grant agreement No 787886). This research made use of L ENSTRONOMY (Birrer & Amara 2018; Birrer et al. 2021), EMCEE (Foreman-Mackey et al. 2013), FASTELL (Barkana 1998), SEXTRACTOR (Bertin & Arnouts 1996), N UM P Y (Oliphant 2015), S CI P Y (Jones et al. 2001), A STROPY (Astropy Collaboration 2018), J UPYTER (Kluyver et al. 2016), M ATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007), SEABORN (Waskom 2021), GETDIST ( https://github.com/cmbant/getdist ), and STARRED (Michalewicz et al. 2023; Millon et al. 2024).
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