[en] [en] BACKGROUND: Seed endophytes have a significant impact on plant health and fitness. They can be inherited and passed on to the next plant generation. However, the impact of breeding on their composition in seeds is less understood. Here, we studied the indigenous seed microbiome of a recently domesticated perennial grain crop (Intermediate wheatgrass, Thinopyrum intermedium L.) that promises great potential for harnessing microorganisms to enhance crop performance by a multiphasic approach, including amplicon and strain libraries, as well as molecular and physiological assays.
RESULTS: Intermediate wheatgrass seeds harvested from four field sites in Europe over three consecutive years were dominated by Proteobacteria (88%), followed by Firmicutes (10%). Pantoea was the most abundant genus and Pantoea agglomerans was identified as the only core taxon present in all samples. While bacterial diversity and species richness were similar across all accessions, the relative abundance varied especially in terms of low abundant and rare taxa. Seeds from four different breeding cycles (TLI C3, C5, C704, C801) showed significant differences in bacterial community composition and abundance. We found a decrease in the relative abundance of the functional genes nirK and nifH as well as a drop in bacterial diversity and richness. This was associated with a loss of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Bacilli, which could be partially compensated in offspring seeds, which have been cultivated at a new site. Interestingly, only a subset assigned to potentially beneficial bacteria, e.g. Pantoea, Kosakonia, and Pseudomonas, was transmitted to the next plant generation or shared with offspring seeds.
CONCLUSION: Overall, this study advances our understanding of the assembly and transmission of endophytic seed microorganisms in perennial intermediate wheatgrass and highlights the importance of considering the plant microbiome in future breeding programs.
Disciplines :
Agriculture & agronomy
Author, co-author :
Michl, Kristina; Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria
David, Christophe; Department of Agroecosystems, Environment and Production, ISARA, 23 rue Jean Baldassini, Lyon Cedex 07, 69364, France
Dumont, Benjamin ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Plant Sciences
Mårtensson, Linda-Maria Dimitrova; Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 103, Lomma, Alnarp, Sweden
Rasche, Frank; Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany ; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
Berg, Gabriele; Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria ; Leibnitz-Institute for Agricultural Engineering, 14469, Potsdam, Germany ; Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
Cernava, Tomislav; Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria. tomislav.cernava@tugraz.at ; School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, UK. tomislav.cernava@tugraz.at
Language :
English
Title :
Determining the footprint of breeding in the seed microbiome of a perennial cereal.
We would like to thank the team at the SITES L\u00F6nnstorp Research Station at SLU, the perennial grain group from Agropole-ISARA, and Patrice Barrey for sustaining the perennial wheatgrass field trials. Specifically, we thank Camille Bathellier, Laura Fagnant, Pierre Aubry, and Ryan Davidson for their support in providing the seed material. Furthermore, we would like to express our gratitude for the seed material generously provided by Lee DeHaan from the Land Institute. In addition, we would like to thank Barbara Fetz for her help conducting the qPCR measurements.Open access funding provided by Graz University of Technology. This research was performed within the frame of the collaborative project NAPERDIV, which was funded through the 2019\u20132020 BiodivERsA joint call for research proposals, under the BiodivClim ERA-Net COFUND program, and the national funding organization Austrian Science Fund [FWF; grant no. I 5085]. The SITES L\u00F6nnstorp Research Station at SLU received funding through the Swedish Research Council under grant no 2017\u2009\u2212\u200900635. Additionally, the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS) provided partial funding for this work under grant number 549 R.8003.20.
Commentary :
Raw sequencing data for each sample used in this study was deposited at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) in the FASTQ format and is available under the Bioproject accession number PRJEB73380.
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