Novel low-cost instrumentation based on an RGB sensor using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the rapid detection of aqueous 2-methoxphenidine (2-MXP) - 2025
Novel low-cost instrumentation based on an RGB sensor using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the rapid detection of aqueous 2-methoxphenidine (2-MXP)
Stoukatch, Serguei; Dupont, François; Lowdon, Joseph W.et al.
2025 • In Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems, 14 (1), p. 111-118
[en] Abstract. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel, cost-effective sensing system utilizing a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for the indirect colorimetric detection of 2-methoxphenidine (2-MXP). Unlike other colorimetric methods that often require expensive spectrometers and bulky read-out equipment, our system is streamlined, employing basic components such as a digital RGB colour sensor, a white LED, and a 3D-printed opaque enclosure compatible with standard spectrometer cuvettes. The sensor is constructed from readily available commercial components using conventional manufacturing processes. Our approach is versatile, accommodating various liquid analytes, making it suitable for diverse applications, including rapid toxicological screening. To this end, optimization towards the dwell time, number of assays needed, and a dose response for the methodology are explored. Specifically, we focus on the detection of 2-MXP in an aqueous solution within a concentration range of 0.05 to 1 mM. Within range, our system effectively identifies the presence of the analyte and quantifies its concentration. Notably, we achieved a detection limit as low as 0.026 mM, which corresponds to a typical metabolite concentration observed in humans. These results underscore the potential of our prototype sensor for practical applications in the rapid and economical field of diagnosis of MXP intoxication.
Disciplines :
Electrical & electronics engineering
Author, co-author :
Stoukatch, Serguei ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'électricité, électronique et informatique (Institut Montefiore) > Systèmes microélectroniques intégrés
Dupont, François ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'électricité, électronique et informatique (Institut Montefiore) > Systèmes microélectroniques intégrés
Lowdon, Joseph W.
van Wissen, Gil
Eersels, Kasper
van Grinsven, Bart
Redouté, Jean-Michel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'électricité, électronique et informatique (Institut Montefiore) > Systèmes microélectroniques intégrés
Language :
English
Title :
Novel low-cost instrumentation based on an RGB sensor using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the rapid detection of aqueous 2-methoxphenidine (2-MXP)
Interreg EMR - Interreg Euregio Meuse-Rhine EZK - Ministerie van Economische Zaken en Klimaat SPW - Service Public de Wallonie
Funding number :
EMR 159 project
Funding text :
This research has been supported by Interreg Euregio Meuse-Rhin, theWalloon Region of Belgium, and the Ministerie van Economische Zaken en Klimaat in the framework of the Interreg Food Screening – EMR 159 project. The whole project was also supported by Provincie Limburg and Die Landesregierung Nordrhein-Westfalen. This open-access publication was funded by
the University of Liège.
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