Quench Protection of the Fusillo Demonstrator Curved CCT Magnet

Finite difference methods; finite element method; quench protection; simulations; superconducting magnets; Aluminium structures; Bending angle; Dipole magnets; Eddy-current; Element method; Finite-difference methods; Heat propagation; Quench protection; Quench protection studies; Simulation; Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Abstract :

[en] A quench protection study was performed on the Fusillo Demonstrator Curved Canted Cosine Theta (CCCT) dipole magnet developed at CERN. This magnet features an aperture of 236 mm and a bending radius and angle of 1 m and 90 degrees, respectively. It has an inductance of 9.14 H, a peak winding field of 3.6 T and multi-harmonic aperture field correction. Ten turns of a rope cable made of Nb-Ti strands are placed in each channel of aluminium formers, which are surrounded by an aluminium shell. The aluminium structures not only support mechanical forces but also affect the quench behavior of the magnet. A discharge of the stored energy over an external resistor results in significant eddy current heating of the aluminium structures, which quickly brings a large part of the superconducting winding to the resistive state. A three-dimensional (3D) simulation of the eddy currents and heat propagation in the formers with heat propagation in the magnet windings was performed. It uses a cooperative simulation approach involving two software tools developed at CERN as part of the STEAM framework: a finite-element-based tool called FiQuS and a finite-difference-based tool called LEDET. FiQuS calculates the eddy currents and the temperature distribution of the formers, whereas LEDET calculates the current, voltage, and temperature of the windings. This approach enables a 3D quench simulation with great geometrical detail while maintaining reasonable computational cost. Energy extraction with a fixed resistor is studied, and key parameters of the discharge are calculated. The voltage of the magnet remains below the target specification of 1.5 kV, and the adiabatic hot spot temperature of the windings reaches 185 K. It is shown that the magnet differential inductance and winding resistance dominate the protection transient. The simulations provide great insights into the transient behaviour of the magnet, including the metal structures’ temperature and the eddy currents’ temporal and spatial distribution.

Disciplines :

Electrical & electronics engineering

Author, co-author :

Wozniak, M. ; CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Devred, A. ; CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Ferriere, R.; CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Geuzaine, Christophe ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'électricité, électronique et informatique (Institut Montefiore) > Applied and Computational Electromagnetics (ACE)

Haziot, A. ; CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Kirby, G. ; CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Ravaioli, E. ; CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Verweij, A. ; CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Language :

English

Title :

Quench Protection of the Fusillo Demonstrator Curved CCT Magnet

Publication date :

2025

Journal title :

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

ISSN :

1051-8223

Publisher :

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

1-6

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx8/77/10770859/10878112.pdf?arnumber=10878112

Available on ORBi :

since 06 June 2025

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