Generation of super-resolution gap-free ocean colour satellite products using data-interpolating empirical orthogonal functions (DINEOF)

Alvera Azcarate, Aida; Van Der Zande, Dimitry; Barth, Alexander; Dille, Antoine; Massant, Joppe; Beckers, Jean-Marie

doi:10.5194/os-21-787-2025

Article (Scientific journals)

Generation of super-resolution gap-free ocean colour satellite products using data-interpolating empirical orthogonal functions (DINEOF)

Alvera Azcarate, Aida; Van Der Zande, Dimitry; Barth, Alexander et al.

2025 • In Ocean Science, 21 (2), p. 787 - 805

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/332704

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10.5194/os-21-787-2025

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Keywords :

Oceanography

Abstract :

[en] In this work we present a super-resolution approach for deriving high-spatial-resolution and high-temporal-resolution ocean colour satellite datasets. The technique is based on DINEOF (data-interpolating empirical orthogonal functions), a data-driven method that uses the spatio-temporal coherence of analysed datasets to infer missing information. DINEOF is used here to effectively increase the spatial resolution of satellite data and is applied to a combination of Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-3 datasets. The results show that DINEOF is able to infer the spatial variability observed in the Sentinel-2 data to the Sentinel-3 data while reconstructing missing information due to clouds and reducing the amount of noise in the initial dataset. In order to achieve this, the Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-3 datasets have undergone the same pre-processing, including a comprehensive, region-independent, and pixel-based automatic switching scheme for choosing the most appropriate atmospheric correction and ocean colour algorithm to derive in-water products. The super-resolution DINEOF has been applied to two different variables (turbidity and chlorophyll) and two different domains (Belgian coastal zone and the whole of the North Sea), and the sub-mesoscale variability of the turbidity along the Belgian coastal zone has been studied.

Research Center/Unit :

FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège

Disciplines :

Earth sciences & physical geography

Author, co-author :

Alvera Azcarate, Aida ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > GeoHydrodynamics and Environment Research (GHER)

Van Der Zande, Dimitry ; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Direction Natural Environment, Brussels, Belgium

Barth, Alexander ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > GeoHydrodynamics and Environment Research (GHER)

Dille, Antoine ; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Direction Natural Environment, Brussels, Belgium

Massant, Joppe; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Direction Natural Environment, Brussels, Belgium

Beckers, Jean-Marie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > GeoHydrodynamics and Environment Research (GHER)

Language :

English

Title :

Generation of super-resolution gap-free ocean colour satellite products using data-interpolating empirical orthogonal functions (DINEOF)

Publication date :

16 April 2025

Journal title :

Ocean Science

ISSN :

1812-0784

eISSN :

1812-0792

Publisher :

Copernicus

Special issue title :

Special Issue for the 54th International Liège Colloquium on Machine Learning and Data Analysis in Oceanography

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

787 - 805

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://os.copernicus.org/articles/21/787/2025/os-21-787-2025.pdf

Funders :

EU - European Union

Funding text :

This work has been carried out as part of the Copernicus Marine Service MultiRes project. The Copernicus Marine Service is implemented by Mercator Ocean in the framework of a delegation agreement with the European Union. The Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences is acknowledged for the ocean current data.

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