A Case Study on the Impact of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection on the Martian O1S 557.7 nm Dayglow Emission Using ExoMars TGO/NOMAD‐UVIS Observations: First Results

Sharma, Aadarsh Raj; Ram, Lot; Suhaag, Harshaa; Patgiri, Dipjyoti; Soret, Lauriane; Gérard, Jean-Claude; Thomas, Ian R.; Vandaele, Ann Carine; Sarkhel, Sumanta

doi:10.1029/2024gl111745

Article (Scientific journals)

A Case Study on the Impact of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection on the Martian O1S 557.7 nm Dayglow Emission Using ExoMars TGO/NOMAD‐UVIS Observations: First Results

Sharma, Aadarsh Raj; Ram, Lot; Suhaag, Harshaa et al.

2025 • In Geophysical Research Letters, 52 (5)

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi Dataset

Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2268/329256

DOI
10.1029/2024gl111745

Files (1)Send to Details Statistics Bibliography Similar publications

Files

Full Text

Sharma 2025 GRL - A Case Study on the Impact of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection on the.pdf

Publisher postprint (1.85 MB)

Download

All documents in ORBi are protected by a user license.

Send to

RIS BibTex APA Chicago Permalink X Linkedin

Details

Keywords :

Mars; ICME; dayglow; oxygen; exomars; nomad; uvis; TGO

Abstract :

[en] AbstractWe report, for the first time, the impact of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICME) on the recently discovered O(1S) 557.7 nm dayglow emission in the Martian atmosphere. While there are a few studies on the seasonal variation of 557.7 nm dayglow emission available in the literature, the impact of ICME has not been investigated so far. Using the instruments aboard the ExoMars‐TGO and Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft, we show that the primary emission peak (75–80 km) remains unaffected during ICME events compared to quiet‐times. However, an enhancement has been observed in the brightness of the secondary emission peak (110–120 km) and the upper altitude region (140–180 km). The enhancement is attributed to the increased solar electrons, X‐ray fluxes and Solar Energetic Particles, augmenting the electron‐impact processes causing the enhancement in the brightness. Thus, this study has an implication to the brightness of Martian upper atmosphere during intense solar transients like ICME.

Research Center/Unit :

STAR - Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research - ULiège

Disciplines :

Space science, astronomy & astrophysics

Author, co-author :

Sharma, Aadarsh Raj ; Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India

Ram, Lot ; Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India

Suhaag, Harshaa; Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India

Patgiri, Dipjyoti ; Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India

Soret, Lauriane ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Labo de physique atmosphérique et planétaire (LPAP) ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR)

Gérard, Jean-Claude ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Labo de physique atmosphérique et planétaire (LPAP)

Thomas, Ian R. ; Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy Brussels Belgium

Vandaele, Ann Carine ; Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy Brussels Belgium

Sarkhel, Sumanta ; Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India ; Centre for Space Science and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee India

Language :

English

Title :

A Case Study on the Impact of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection on the Martian O1S 557.7 nm Dayglow Emission Using ExoMars TGO/NOMAD‐UVIS Observations: First Results

Publication date :

04 March 2025

Journal title :

Geophysical Research Letters

ISSN :

0094-8276

eISSN :

1944-8007

Publisher :

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Volume :

Issue :

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2024GL111745

Funders :

Ministry of Education India
BELSPO - Belgian Federal Science Policy Office

Data Set :

Sharma et al. (2024)

Sharma, A. R., Sarkhel, S., Suhaag, H., Ram, L., Patgiri, D., Soret, L., et al. (2024). A case study on the impact of interplanetary coronal massejection on the Martian O(1S) 557.7 nm dayglow emission using ExoMars TGO/NOMAD‐UVIS observations: First Results [Dataset]. Zenodo.

Available on ORBi :

since 12 March 2025

Statistics

Number of views

57 (4 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

28 (3 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

Bibliography

Andersson, L., Ergun, R. E., Delory, G. T., Eriksson, A., Westfall, J., Reed, H., et al. (2015). The Langmuir Probe and Waves (LPW) instrument for MAVEN. Space Science Reviews, 195(1–4), 173–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-015-0194-3
Aoki, S., Gkouvelis, L., Gérard, J.-C., Soret, L., Hubert, B., Lopez-Valverde, M. A., et al. (2022). Density and temperature of the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere of Mars retrieved from the OI 557.7 nm dayglow measured by TGO/NOMAD. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 127(6), e2022JE007206. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JE007206
Barth, C. A., Hord, C. W., Pearce, J. B., Kelly, K. K., Anderson, G. P., & Stewart, A. I. (1971). Mariner 6 and 7 ultraviolet spectrometer experiment: Upper atmosphere data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 76(10), 2213–2227. https://doi.org/10.1029/JA076i010p02213
Bougher, S. W., Roeten, K. J., Olsen, K., Mahaffy, P. R., Benna, M., Elrod, M., et al. (2017). The structure and variability of Mars dayside thermosphere from MAVEN NGIMS and IUVS measurements: Seasonal and solar activity trends in scale heights and temperatures. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 122(1), 1296–1313. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA023454
Connerney, J. E. P., Espley, J., Lawton, P., Murphy, S., Odom, J., Oliversen, R., & Sheppard, D. (2015). The MAVEN magnetic field investigation. Space Science Reviews, 195(1–4), 257–291. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-015-0169-4
Connerney, J. E. P., Espley, J. R., DiBraccio, G. A., Gruesbeck, J. R., Oliversen, R. J., Mitchell, D. L., et al. (2015). First results of the MAVEN magnetic field investigation. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(21), 8819–8827. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065366
Eparvier, F. G., Chamberlin, P. C., Woods, T. N., & Thiemann, E. M. B. (2015). The solar extreme ultraviolet monitor for MAVEN. Space Science Reviews, 195(1–4), 293–301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-015-0195-2
Fallows, K., Withers, P., & Gonzalez, G. (2015). Response of the Mars ionosphere to solar flares: Analysis of MGS radio occultation data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 120(11), 9805–9825. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021108
Felici, M., Segale, J., Withers, P., Lee, C. O., Hughes, A., Thiemann, E., et al. (2024). Impacting the dayside Martian ionosphere from above and below: Effects of the impact of CIRs and ICMEs close to aphelion (April 2021) and during dust storms (June/July 2022) seen with MAVEN ROSE. Icarus, 424, 116089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2024.116089
Fox, J. L. (2004). Response of the Martian thermosphere/ionosphere to enhanced fluxes of solar soft X rays. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109(A11), A11310. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JA010380
Fox, J. L., & Dalgarno, A. (1979). Ionization, luminosity, and heating of the upper atmosphere of Mars. Journal of Geophysical Research, 84(A12), 7315–7333. https://doi.org/10.1029/JA084iA12p07315
Fox, J. L., & Yeager, K. E. (2006). Morphology of the near-terminator martian ionosphere: A comparison of models and data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111(A10), A10309. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JA011697
Gérard, J. C., Aoki, S., Gkouvelis, L., Soret, L., Willame, Y., Thomas, I. R., et al. (2021). First observation of the oxygen 630 nm emission in the martian dayglow. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(8), e2020GL092334. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL092334
Gérard, J. C., Aoki, S., Willame, Y., Gkouvelis, L., Depiesse, C., Thomas, I. R., et al. (2020). Detection of green line emission in the dayside atmosphere of Mars from NOMAD-TGO observations. Nature Astronomy, 4(11), 1049–1052. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-020-1123-2
Gkouvelis, L., Gérard, J. C., Ritter, B., Hubert, B., Schneider, N. M., & Jain, S. K. (2018). The O(1S) 297.2-nm dayglow emission: A tracer of CO2 density variations in the martian lower thermosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 123(12), 3119–3132. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JE005709
Halekas, J. S., Ruhunusiri, S., Harada, Y., Collinson, G., Mitchell, D. L., Mazelle, C., et al. (2017). Structure, dynamics, and seasonal variability of the Mars-solar wind interaction: MAVEN solar wind ion analyzer in-flight performance and science results. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 122(1), 547–578. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA023167
Halekas, J. S., Taylor, E. R., Dalton, G., Johnson, G., Curtis, D. W., McFadden, J. P., et al. (2015). The solar wind ion analyzer for MAVEN. Space Science Reviews, 195(1–4), 125–151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-013-0029-z
Jain, S. K. (2013). Dayglow Emissions on Mars and Venus (Ph.D. Thesis). Cochin University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/3688
Jakosky, B. M., Grebowsky, J. M., Luhmann, J. G., Connerney, J., Eparvier, F., Ergun, R., et al. (2015). MAVEN observations of the response of Mars to an interplanetary coronal mass ejection. Science, 350, 6261. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad0210
Jakosky, B. M., Lin, R. P., Grebowsky, J. M., Luhmann, J. G., Mitchell, D. F., Beutelschies, G., et al. (2015). The Mars atmosphere and volatile evolution (MAVEN) mission. Space Science Reviews, 195(1–4), 3–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-015-0139-x
Larson, D. E., Lillis, R. J., Lee, C. O., Dunn, P. A., Hatch, K., Robinson, M., et al. (2015). The MAVEN solar energetic particle investigation. Space Science Reviews, 195(1–4), 153–172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-015-0218-z
López-Valverde, M. A., Gérard, J. C., González-Galindo, F., Vandaele, A. C., Thomas, I., Korablev, O., et al. (2018). Investigations of the Mars upper atmosphere with ExoMars trace gas orbiter. Space Science Reviews, 214(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-017-0463-4
Mann, H. B., & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other, the annals of mathematical statistics. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60. https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177730491
Mendillo, M., Withers, P., Hinson, D., Rishbeth, H., & Reinisch, B. (2006). Effects of solar flares on the ionosphere of Mars. Science, 311(5764), 1135–1138. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1122099
Mitchell, D. L., Mazelle, C., Sauvaud, J. A., Thocaven, J. J., Rouzaud, J., Fedorov, A., et al. (2016). The MAVEN solar wind electron analyzer. Space Science Reviews, 200(1–4), 495–528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-015-0232-1
Nakamura, Y., Terada, N., Leblanc, F., Rahmati, A., Nakagawa, H., Sakai, S., et al. (2022). Modeling of diffuse auroral emission at Mars: Contribution of MeV protons. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127(1), e2021JA029914. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029914
Patel, M. R., Antoine, P., Mason, J., Leese, M., Hathi, B., Stevens, A. H., et al. (2017). NOMAD spectrometer on the ExoMars trace gas orbiter mission: Part 2—Design, manufacturing, and testing of the ultraviolet and visible channel. Applied Optics, 56(10), 2771–2782. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.56.002771
Raghuram, S., Jain, S. K., & Bhardwaj, A. (2021). Forbidden atomic oxygen emissions in the martian dayside upper atmosphere. Icarus, 359, 114330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114330
Ram, L., Rout, D., Rathi, R., Mondal, S., Sarkhel, S., & Halekas, J. (2023). A comparison of the impacts of CMEs and CIRs on the martian dayside and nightside ionospheric species. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 128(4), e2022JE007649. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JE007649
Ram, L., Rout, D., Rathi, R., Withers, P., & Sarkhel, S. (2024). Martian M2 peak behavior in the dayside near-terminator ionosphere during interplanetary coronal mass ejections. Icarus, 408, 115857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115857
Ram, L., Sharma, R., Rout, D., Rathi, R., & Sarkhel, S. (2024). Investigation on the impact of solar flares on the Martian atmospheric emissions in the dayside near-terminator region: Case studies. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 129(8), e2024JE008315. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008315
Rishbeth, H., & Mendillo, M. (2004). Ionospheric layers of Mars and earth. Planetary and Space Science, 52(9), 849–852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2004.02.007
Ritter, B., Gérard, J. C., Hubert, B., Rodriguez, L., & Montmessin, F. (2018). Observations of the proton aurora on Mars with SPICAM on board Mars express. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(2), 612–619. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL076235
Sharma, A. R., Sarkhel, S., Suhaag, H., Ram, L., Patgiri, D., Soret, L., et al. (2024). A case study on the impact of interplanetary coronal mass ejection on the Martian O(1S) 557.7 nm dayglow emission using ExoMars TGO/NOMAD-UVIS observations: First Results [Dataset]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12690459
Soret, L., Gérard, J. C., Aoki, S., Gkouvelis, L., Thomas, I. R., Ristic, B., et al. (2022). The Mars oxygen visible dayglow: A martian year of NOMAD/UVIS observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 127(6), e2022JE007220. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JE007220
Space Weather Database of Notifications. (2010). Knowledge, and information (DONKI) [Software]. In Donki. Retrieved from https://kauai.ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/DONKI/search/
Thampi, S. V., Krishnaprasad, C., Nampoothiri, G. G., & Pant, T. K. (2021). The impact of a stealth CME on the Martian topside ionosphere. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 503(1), 625–632. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab494
Vandaele, A., Willame, Y., Depiesse, C., Thomas, I., Robert, S., Bolsée, D., et al. (2015). Nomad team, optical and radiometric models of the NOMAD instrument part I: The UVIS channel. Optics Express, 23, 30028–30042. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.030028
Vandaele, A. C., Lopez-Moreno, J. J., Patel, M. R., Bellucci, G., Daerden, F., Ristic, B., et al. (2018). NOMAD, an integrated suite of three spectrometers for the ExoMars trace gas mission: Technical description, science objectives and expected performance. Space Science Reviews, 214(5), 80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-018-0517-2
Withers, P. (2020). Are sporadic plasma layers at 90 km in the Mars ionosphere produced by solar energetic particle events. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 125(9), e2020JA028120. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JA028120
Withers, P., Felici, M., Mendillo, M., Moore, L., Narvaez, C., Vogt, M. F., & Jakosky, B. M. (2018). First ionospheric results from the MAVEN radio occultation science experiment (ROSE). Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 123(5), 4171–4180. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA025182