Infant; Pregnancy; Female; Child; Infant, Newborn; Humans; Infant, Extremely Premature/psychology; Developmental Disabilities/epidemiology; Retrospective Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Language Development; Child Development; Gestational Age; Language Development Disorders/etiology/complications; Cognition; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; bilingual environment; cognitive development; daycare attendance; language development; maternal educational level; preterm children; socio-familial environment
Abstract :
[en] BACKGROUND: Preterm children are at increased risk of cognitive and language delay compared with term-born children. While many perinatal factors associated with prematurity are well established, there is limited research concerning the influence of the socio-familial environment on the development of preterm children. This study aims to assess the relative impact of perinatal and socio-familial risk factors on cognitive and language development at 2 years corrected age (CA). METHOD: This retrospective cross-sectional study included preterm infants with a gestational age <32 weeks and/or a birth weight <1500 g, who underwent neurodevelopmental assessment at 2 years CA. Cognitive and language scores were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant-Toddler Development, third edition. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a multivariable model to examine the relationship between developmental delays and perinatal and socio-familial factors. RESULT: The prevalence of language delay was negatively associated with daycare attendance (aOR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07-0.85, p < 0.05) and high maternal educational levels (aOR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.05-0.93, p < 0.05) and positively associated with bilingual environments (aOR: 5.62, 95% CI: 1.46-24.3, p < 0.05). Perinatal and postnatal risk factors did not show a significant impact on cognitive or language development. CONCLUSION: The development of language appears to be more influenced by the socio-familial environment than by early perinatal and postnatal factors associated with prematurity. These findings highlight the importance of considering socio-familial factors in the early identification and intervention of language delay among preterm children.
Disciplines :
Pediatrics Neurology
Author, co-author :
De Leeuw, Stéphanie; Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, CHR Sambre et Meuse, Namur, Belgium.
Delens, Gilda; Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, CHR Sambre et Meuse, Namur, Belgium. ; Follow-up Center for Preterm Infants, CHR Sambre et Meuse, Namur, Belgium.
Vanden Brande, Laura ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Médecine générale ; Follow-up Center for Preterm Infants, CHR Sambre et Meuse, Namur, Belgium.
Henrion, Elisabeth; Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, CHR Sambre et Meuse, Namur, Belgium.
Legros, Ludovic ; Follow-up Center for Preterm Infants, CHR Sambre et Meuse, Namur, Belgium. ; Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, CHIREC-Delta Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
Language :
English
Title :
Socio-familial environment influence on cognitive and language development in very preterm children.
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