dark matter; gravitational lensing: strong; quasars: general; Dark matter; Dust emission; Dust flux; Flux ratio measurements; Gravitational lensing; Gravitational lensing: strong; Measurements of; Mid infrared instruments; Multi band; Quasars:general; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science
Abstract :
[en] This is the second in a series of papers in which we use JWST Mid Infrared Instrument multiband imaging to measure the warm dust emission in a sample of 31 multiply imaged quasars, to be used as a probe of the particle nature of dark matter. We present measurements of the relative magnifications of the strongly lensed warm dust emission in a sample of nine systems. The warm dust region is compact and sensitive to perturbations by populations of haloes down to masses ∼ 106 M. Using these warm dust flux-ratio measurements in combination with five previous narrow-line flux-ratio measurements, we constrain the halo mass function. In our model, we allow for complex deflector macromodels with flexible third- and fourth-order multipole deviations from ellipticity, and we introduce an improved model of the tidal evolution of subhaloes. We constrain a WDM model and find an upper limit on the half-mode mass of 107.6 M at posterior odds of 10:1. This corresponds to a lower limit on a thermally produced dark matter particle mass of 6.1 keV. This is the strongest gravitational lensing constraint to date, and comparable to those from independent probes such as the Ly α forest and Milky Way satellite galaxies.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Keeley, Ryan E. ; Department of Physics, University of California, Merced, Merced, United States ; Brinson Prize Fellow, United States
Nierenberg, A.M.; Department of Physics, University of California, Merced, Merced, United States
Gilman, D.; Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Gannon, C.; Department of Physics, University of California, Merced, Merced, United States
Birrer, S.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
Treu, T. ; UCLA Physics & Astronomy, Los Angeles, United States
Benson, A.J. ; Carnegie Institution for Science, Pasadena, United States
Du, X.; UCLA Physics & Astronomy, Los Angeles, United States
Abazajian, K.N. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, United States
Anguita, T. ; Departamento de Ciencias Fisicas, Instituto de Astrofisica, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile ; Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, Santiago, Chile
Bennert, V.N.; Physics Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, United States
Djorgovski, S.G.; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Gupta, Kriti Kamal ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) ; Sterrenkundig Observatorium, Universiteit Gent, Gent, Belgium
Hoenig, S.F.; School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
Kusenko, A.; UCLA Physics & Astronomy, Los Angeles, United States ; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
Lemon, C. ; Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
Malkan, M.; UCLA Physics & Astronomy, Los Angeles, United States
Motta, V.; Instituto de Física y Astronomía, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
Moustakas, L.A. ; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Oh, Maverick S.H.; Department of Physics, University of California, Merced, Merced, United States
Sluse, Dominique ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO)
Stern, D.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Wechsler, R.H.; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States ; Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, United States ; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, United States
NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration ESA - European Space Agency NSF - National Science Foundation JSPS - Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Stony Brook University F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique
Funding number :
PRODEX 4000142531; FNRS 4.4503.1
Funding text :
This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA JWST. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5\u201303127 for JWST. These observations are associated with programme2046. Support for programme2046 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5\u201303127.AN and TT acknowledge support from the NSF through AST-2205100 \u2018Collaborative Research: Measuring the physical properties of DM with strong gravitational lensing\u2019. The work of LAM and DS was carried out at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. TA acknowledges support from the Millennium Science Initiative ICN12_009, the ANID BASAL project FB210003 and ANID FONDECYT project number 1240105. DS acknowledges the support of the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS, Belgium, under grant 4.4503.1. KKG thanks the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) for the provision of financial support in the framework of the PRODEX Programme of the European Space Agency (ESA). VM acknowledges support from ANID FONDECYT Regular grant number 1231418 and Centro de Astrof\u00EDsica de Valpara\u00EDso. VNB gratefully acknowledges assistance from a National Science Foundation (NSF) Research at Undergraduate Institutions (RUI) grant AST-1909297. Note that findings and conclusions do not necessarily represent views of the NSF. KNA is partially supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Theoretical Physics Program, Grants PHY-1915005 and PHY-2210283. AK was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) grant no. DE-SC0009937, by the UC Southern California Hub, with funding from the UC National Laboratories division of the University of California Office of the President, by the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan, and by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant JP20H05853. SB acknowledges support from Stony Brook University. DG acknowledges support for this work provided by the Brinson Foundation through a Brinson Prize Fellowship grant, and from the Schmidt Futures organization through a Schmidt AI in Science Fellowship.We thank Crystal Mannfolk, Greg Sloan, Blair Porterfield, and Henrik R. Larsson for help with observation planning. We thank Karl Gordon, Mattia Libralato, Jane Morrison, and Sarah Kendrew for their help in answering questions about the data reduction. We thank Marshall Perrin for helpful conversations about webbPSF. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA JWST. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5\u201303127 for JWST. These observations are associated with programme2046. Support for programme2046 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5\u201303127. AN and TT acknowledge support from the NSF through AST-2205100 \u2018Collaborative Research: Measuring the physical properties of DM with strong gravitational lensing\u2019. The work of LAM and DS was carried out at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. TA acknowledges support from the Millennium Science Initiative ICN12 009, the ANID BASAL project FB210003 and ANID FONDECYT project number 1240105. DS acknowledges the support of the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS, Belgium, under grant 4.4503.1. KKG thanks the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) for the provision of financial support in the framework of the PRODEX Programme of the European Space Agency (ESA). VM acknowledges support from ANID FONDECYT Regular grant number 1231418 and Centro de Astrof\u00EDsica de Valpara\u00EDso. VNB gratefully acknowledges assistance from a National Science Foundation (NSF) Research at Undergraduate Institutions (RUI) grant AST-1909297. Note that findings and conclusions do not necessarily represent views of the NSF. KNA is partially supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Theoretical Physics Program, Grants PHY-1915005 and PHY-2210283. AK was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) grant no. DE-SC0009937, by the UC Southern California Hub, with funding from the UC National Laboratories division of the University of California Office of the President, by the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan, and by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant JP20H05853. SB acknowledges support from Stony Brook University. DG acknowledges support for this work provided by the Brinson Foundation through a Brinson Prize Fellowship grant, and from the Schmidt Futures organization through a Schmidt AI in Science Fellowship.
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