[en] Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are industrial chemicals that have potential adverse effects in the environment and on human health. This study investigated CPs in apiary environment, honeybees, and bee products from two rural areas of Beijing, China. The median concentrations of short-chain CPs (SCCPs) and medium-chain CPs (MCCPs) were 22 and 1.6 ng/m3 in the ambient air, 1350 and 708 ng/g dry mass (dw) in bees, 1050 and 427 ng/g dw in flowers, 37 and 54 ng/g in honey, 78 and 53 ng/g dw in bee pollen, 36 and 30 ng/g dw in soil, and 293 and 319 ng/g dw in bee wax. C10Cl6-7 and C14Cl7-8 dominated SCCPs and MCCPs in these samples, respectively. The concentrations and distributions of CPs in samples from apiaries located in the two regions varied. Long-range transportation of air masses was identified as an important source of CPs in apiaries. A close relationship between CPs in bees and the apiary environment indicated that bees could act as bioindicators for CP contamination in the environment. A human health risk assessment found that there were low risks for adults and children exposed to CPs through consumption of honey and pollen from the studied regions.
Disciplines :
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Dong, Shujun; Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Qi, Suzhen; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Zhao, Yazhou; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Zhang, Su; Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Wu, Xingyi; College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Cao, Jun; Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Zou, Yun ; Organic Biological Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
Wang, Yuesen; Hebei Ruiyuan Apiculture Co. LTD, Zanhuang 051230, China
Xia, Simeng; College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Wang, Peilong; Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China. Electronic address: wangpeilong@caas.cn
Wu, Liming; State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Language :
English
Title :
Bee colonies map the short- and medium-chain chlorinated paraffin contamination from the apiary environment.
This study was supported by the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Y2022PT20), the Youth Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Y2023QC12), and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Bee Products Quality and Risk Assessment (grant no. CAAS-ASTIP-2020-IAR), Feed Quality and Safety (grant no. CAAS-ASTIP-IQSTAP-04)).
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