Keywords :
IRIS; JC virus; Maraviroc; PML; Spinal cord lesions; Humans; HIV Infections/immunology; HIV Infections/virology; HIV Infections/complications; HIV Infections/drug therapy; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/immunology; Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/virology; Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/drug therapy; Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/pathology; JC Virus/immunology; JC Virus/pathogenicity; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/drug therapy; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/immunology; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/pathology; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/virology; Spinal Cord/pathology; Spinal Cord/virology; Spinal Cord/diagnostic imaging; Spinal Cord/immunology; HIV Infections; Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal; Male; Middle Aged; Spinal Cord; Neurology; Neurology (clinical); Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience; Virology
Abstract :
[en] Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic infectious demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by JC polyomavirus predominantly affecting immunocompromised individuals. Nowadays, HIV, hematological malignancies and iatrogenic immune suppression account for most PML cases. For unknown reasons, spinal cord is classically protected from PML lesions. Here, we report the course of a patient harboring spinal cord lesions in the context of PML with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and review the eight other cases reported in the literature so far. Then, we discuss the evolving spectrum of PML over recent years, potentially making its diagnosis more challenging.
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