[en] Sea ice is one of the most critical environmental drivers shaping primary production and fluxes of organic inputs to benthic communities in the Arctic Ocean. Fluctuations in organic inputs influence ecological relationships, trophic cascades, and energy fluxes. However, changes in sea-ice concentration (SIC) induced by global warming could lead to significant shifts in trophic interactions, ultimately affecting the functioning of Arctic food webs. Despite the increasing concern over the need to understand benthic species and food web responses to rapid sea-ice loss, few studies have addressed this topic so far. Using multiple niche metrics based on stable isotopes, this research examined the trophic ecology of epibenthic communities in areas with different SIC across the Canadian Arctic Ocean. We found that trophic niches varied according to complex interactions between environmental conditions, resource supply, and biotic pressures such as predation and competition. Our results highlighted a lower isotopic richness (i.e., shorter food chain length and niche width) in low and high SIC areas, suggesting homogeneity of resources and a low diversity of food items ingested by individuals. In contrast, a higher isotopic richness (i.e., broad niche) was observed in the moderate SIC area, implying higher heterogeneity in basal food sources and consumers using individual trophic niches. Finally, our findings suggested a lower isotopic redundancy in areas with high SIC compared to low and moderate SIC. Overall, our results support the idea that sea ice is an important driver of benthic food web dynamics and reinforce the urgent need for further investigations of declining sea ice cover impacts on Arctic food web functioning.
Research Center/Unit :
FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège MARE - Centre Interfacultaire de Recherches en Océanologie - ULiège
Michel, Loïc ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Biologie, Ecologie et Evolution > Systématique et diversité animale ; Université de Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR6197 Biologie et Écologie des Écosystèmes marins Profonds (BEEP), Plouzané, France
Roy, Virginie; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Maurice Lamontagne Institute, Québec, Canada
Friscourt, Noémie; Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, Australia
Gosselin, Michel; Québec-Océan and Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Québec, Canada
Nozais, Christian; Québec-Océan and Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Québec, Canada
Trophic ecology of epibenthic communities exposed to different sea-ice concentrations across the Canadian Arctic Ocean
Publication date :
September 2023
Journal title :
Progress in Oceanography
ISSN :
0079-6611
Publisher :
Elsevier Ltd
Volume :
217
Pages :
103105
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Funders :
ArcticNet NSERC - Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council ULaval - Université de Laval IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer
Funding text :
We are grateful to ArcticNet, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and the Green Edge project (http://www.greenedgeproject.info) for providing us with the financial resources to make this research possible. We also thank Sentinel North and Québec-Océan for providing financial resources for training purposes. We want to thank the officers and the crew of the Canadian research icebreaker CCGS Amundsen for affording the support and facilities during the oceanographic campaigns of 2011, 2014, and 2016 in the Arctic. We also express our gratitude to Cindy Grant and the sampling team for their great work in the field campaign. Likewise, we thank the research professionals Laure de Montety, Lisa Treau de Coeli, and Caroline Guillemette for the help with the benthos; Geochemistry lab, and Jonathan Gagnon for his help in measuring stable isotope ratios. We are thankful to Université Laval, Takuvik, ArcticNet, and Québec-Océan for their contribution in terms of coordination, equipment, and facilities. The lead author expresses gratitude to Sergio Cortez Ghio for his help and valuable comments about the statistical analyses carried out throughout this investigation. The lead author expresses gratitude to the Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), Bretagne, France, for providing their facilities during the time of the internship in the institute. Finally, the authors would like to thank the reviewers for their fruitful comments on the manuscript.We are grateful to ArcticNet, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and the Green Edge project (http://www.greenedgeproject.info) for providing us with the financial resources to make this research possible. We also thank Sentinel North and Québec-Océan for providing financial resources for training purposes. We want to thank the officers and the crew of the Canadian research icebreaker CCGS Amundsen for affording the support and facilities during the oceanographic campaigns of 2011, 2014, and 2016 in the Arctic. We also express our gratitude to Cindy Grant and the sampling team for their great work in the field campaign. Likewise, we thank the research professionals Laure de Montety, Lisa Treau de Coeli, and Caroline Guillemette for the help with the benthos; Geochemistry lab, and Jonathan Gagnon for his help in measuring stable isotope ratios. We are thankful to Université Laval, Takuvik, ArcticNet, and Québec-Océan for their contribution in terms of coordination, equipment, and facilities. The lead author expresses gratitude to Sergio Cortez Ghio for his help and valuable comments about the statistical analyses carried out throughout this investigation. The lead author expresses gratitude to the Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), Bretagne, France, for providing their facilities during the time of the internship in the institute. Finally, the authors would like to thank the reviewers for their fruitful comments on the manuscript.
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