High strehl and high contrast for the ELT instrument METIS: Final design, implementation, and predicted performance of the single-conjugate adaptive optics system
[en] The Mid-infrared ELT Imager and Spectrograph (METIS) is a first-generation instrument for the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), Europe's next-generation 39 m ground-based telescope for optical and infrared wavelengths, which is currently under construction at the European Southern Observatory (ESO) site at Cerro Armazones in Chile. METIS will offer diffraction-limited imaging, low- and medium-resolution slit spectroscopy, and coronagraphy for high-contrast imaging between 3 and 13 microns, as well as high-resolution integral field spectroscopy between 3 and 5 microns. The main METIS science goals are the detection and characterisation of exoplanets, the investigation of proto-planetary disks, and the formation of planets. The Single-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (SCAO) system corrects atmospheric distortions and is thus essential for diffraction-limited observations with METIS. SCAO will be used for all observing modes, with high-contrast imaging imposing the most demanding requirements on its performance. The Final Design Review (FDR) of METIS took place in the fall of 2022; the development of the instrument, including its SCAO system, has since entered the Manufacturing, Assembly, Integration and Testing (MAIT) phase. Numerous challenging aspects of an ELT Adaptive Optics (AO) system are addressed in the mature designs for the SCAO control system and the SCAO hardware module: the complex interaction with the telescope entities that participate in the AO control, wavefront reconstruction with a fragmented and moving pupil, secondary control tasks to deal with differential image motion, non-common path aberrations and mis-registration. A K-band pyramid wavefront sensor and a GPU-based Real-Time Computer (RTC), tailored to the needs of METIS at the ELT, are core components. This current paper serves as a natural sequel to our previous work presented in Hippler et al. (2018). It reflects all the updates that were implemented between the Preliminary Design Review (PDR) and FDR, and includes updated performance estimations in terms of several key performance indicators, including achieved contrast curves. We outline all important design decisions that were taken, and present the major challenges we faced and the main analyses carried out to arrive at these decisions and eventually the final design. We also elaborate on our testing and verification strategy, and, last not least, comprehensively present the full design, hardware and software in this paper to provide a single source of reference which will remain valid at least until commissioning.
Research Center/Unit :
STAR - Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research - ULiège
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Feldt, Markus; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg
Bertram, Thomas; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg
Correia, Carlos; Faculadade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Pt-4200-465, Porto, Portugal
Absil, Olivier ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO)
Cárdenas Vázquez, M. Concepción; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg
Coppejans, Hugo; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg
Kulas, Martin; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg
Obereder, Andreas; Institute for Industrial Mathematics, Linz University, Altenbergerstraße 69, A-4040, Linz, Austria
Orban De Xivry, Gilles ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR)
Scheithauer, Silvia; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg
Steuer, Horst; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg
Language :
English
Title :
High strehl and high contrast for the ELT instrument METIS: Final design, implementation, and predicted performance of the single-conjugate adaptive optics system
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