[en] Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (e.g., Rhizophagus species) recruit specific bacterial species in their hyphosphere. However, the chemical interplay and the mutual benefit of this intricate partnership have not been investigated yet, especially as it involves bacteria known as strong producers of antifungal compounds such as Bacillus velezensis. Here, we show that the soil-dwelling B. velezensis migrates along the hyphal network of the AM fungus R. irregularis, forming biofilms and inducing cytoplasmic flow in the AM fungus that contributes to host plant root colonization by the bacterium. During hyphosphere colonization, R. irregularis modulates the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites in B. velezensis to ensure stable coexistence and as a mechanism to ward off mycoparasitic fungi and bacteria. These mutual benefits are extended into a tripartite context via the provision of enhanced protection to the host plant through the induction of systemic resistance.
Disciplines :
Microbiology
Author, co-author :
Anckaert, Adrien ✱; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre
Declerck, Stéphane ✱; Laboratory of Mycology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain-UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 2, L7.05.06, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique
Poussart, Laure-Anne; Microbial Processes and Interactions Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté d'Agronomie, Bat. 9B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgique
Lambert, Stéphanie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Microbial technologies
Helmus, Catherine ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Microbial technologies
Boubsi, Farah ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre
Steels, Sébastien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Microbial technologies
Argüelles-Arias, Anthony; Microbial Processes and Interactions Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté d'Agronomie, Bat. 9B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgique
Calonne-Salmon, Maryline; Laboratory of Mycology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain-UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 2, L7.05.06, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique
Ongena, Marc ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Microbial technologies
✱ These authors have contributed equally to this work.
Language :
English
Title :
The biology and chemistry of a mutualism between a soil bacterium and a mycorrhizal fungus.
FRIA - Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture SPW DG03-DGARNE - Service Public de Wallonie. Direction Générale Opérationnelle Agriculture, Ressources naturelles et Environnement F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique
Funding text :
This work was supported by the PDR research project (ID 40013634) from the F.R.S.-FNRS (National Fund for Scientific Research in Belgium), by the Microsoilsystem project funded by the Walloon Region (ID D31-1388SPW/DGO3), and by the EOS project (ID 30650620) from the FWO/F.R.S.-FNRS. A.A. and F.B. are recipients of an F.R.I.A. fellowship (F.R.S.-FNRS), and M.O. is Research Director at the F.R.S.-FNRS. We gratefully acknowledge Andrew Zickler and Francois Ferrais for technical help with the establishment of the experimental setup. We thank Jos Raaijmakers (Netherlands Institute for Ecology, Wageningen) and Monica H\u00F6fte (Ghent University) for their critical reading of the manuscript.
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