Instrumentation: high angular resolution; Prominences; Sun: chromosphere; Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: filaments; Sun: flares; Extreme ultraviolet imager; Instrumentation:high angular resolution; Prominence; Solar Orbiters; Sun : corona; Sun: Chromosphere; Sun: coronal mass ejection; Sun:flares; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science; astro-ph.SR; Physics - Space Physics
Abstract :
[en] Context. The Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) on board Solar Orbiter consists of three telescopes: the two High Resolution Imagers, in EUV (HRIEUV) and in Lyman-α (HRILya), and the Full Sun Imager (FSI). Solar Orbiter/EUI started its Nominal Mission Phase on 2021 November 27. Aims. Our aim is to present the EUI images from the largest scales in the extended corona off-limb down to the smallest features at the base of the corona and chromosphere. EUI is therefore a key instrument for the connection science that is at the heart of the Solar Orbiter mission science goals. Methods. The highest resolution on the Sun is achieved when Solar Orbiter passes through the perihelion part of its orbit. On 2022 March 26, Solar Orbiter reached, for the first time, a distance to the Sun close to 0.3 au. No other coronal EUV imager has been this close to the Sun. Results. We review the EUI data sets obtained during the period 2022 March- April, when Solar Orbiter quickly moved from alignment with the Earth (2022 March 6), to perihelion (2022 March 26), to quadrature with the Earth (2022 March 29). We highlight the first observational results in these unique data sets and we report on the in-flight instrument performance. Conclusions. EUI has obtained the highest resolution images ever of the solar corona in the quiet Sun and polar coronal holes. Several active regions were imaged at unprecedented cadences and sequence durations. We identify in this paper a broad range of features that require deeper studies. Both FSI and HRIEUV operated at design specifications, but HRILya suffered from performance issues near perihelion. We conclude by emphasizing the EUI open data policy and encouraging further detailed analysis of the events highlighted in this paper.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Berghmans, D. ; Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence - Sidc, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
Antolin, P. ; Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
Auchère, F. ; Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Cnrs, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
Aznar Cuadrado, R. ; Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany
Barczynski, K.; Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos, World Radiation Center, Davos Dorf, Switzerland ; Eth Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zürich, Switzerland
Chitta, L.P. ; Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany
Gissot, S.; Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence - Sidc, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
Harra, L.; Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos, World Radiation Center, Davos Dorf, Switzerland ; Eth Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zürich, Switzerland
Huang, Z. ; Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany
Janvier, M.; Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Cnrs, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France ; European Space Agency, Estec, Noordwijk, Netherlands
Kraaikamp, E. ; Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence - Sidc, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
Long, D.M. ; UCL-Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, United Kingdom
Mandal, S. ; Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany
Mierla, M. ; Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence - Sidc, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
Parenti, S. ; Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence - Sidc, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium ; Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Cnrs, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
Peter, H.; Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany
Rodriguez, L. ; Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence - Sidc, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
Schühle, U. ; Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany
Smith, P.J. ; UCL-Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, United Kingdom
Solanki, S.K.; Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany
Stegen, K.; Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence - Sidc, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
Teriaca, L.; Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany
Verbeeck, C.; Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence - Sidc, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
West, M.J.; Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, United States
Zhukov, A.N.; Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence - Sidc, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium ; Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Aulanier, G.; Sorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris - Psl, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Cnrs, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Paris, France ; Rosseland Centre for Solar Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Delmotte, F.; Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France
Gilles, J.M.; Centre Spatial de Liège, Université de Liège, Angleur, Belgium
Haberreiter, M.; Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos, World Radiation Center, Davos Dorf, Switzerland
Halain, J.-P.; European Space Agency, Estec, Noordwijk, Netherlands ; Centre Spatial de Liège, Université de Liège, Angleur, Belgium
Heerlein, K.; Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany
Hochedez, J.-F.; Aester Incognito, Paris, France ; Latmos, Cnrs - Uvsq - Sorbonne Université, Guyancourt, France
Gyo, M.; Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos, World Radiation Center, Davos Dorf, Switzerland
Poedts, S.; Centre for Mathematical Plasma Astrophysics, Ku Leuven, Leuven, Belgium ; Institute of Physics, University of Maria Curie-Skłodowska, Lublin, Poland
Renotte, E.; Centre Spatial de Liège, Université de Liège, Angleur, Belgium
Rochus, Pierre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'aérospatiale et mécanique
The building of EUI was the work of more than 150 individuals during more than 10 years. We gratefully acknowledge all the efforts that have led to a successfully operating instrument. The authors thank the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) for the provision of financial support in the framework of the PRODEX Programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) under contract numbers 4000112292, 4000134088, 4000134474, and 4000136424. The French contribution to the EUI instrument was funded by the French Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES); the UK Space Agency (UKSA); the Deutsche Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR); and the Swiss Space Office (SSO). PA and DML acknowledge funding from STFC Ernest Rutherford Fellowships No. ST/R004285/2 and ST/R003246/1, respectively. SP acknowledges the funding by CNES through the MEDOC data and operations center. L.P.C. gratefully acknowledges funding by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council (grant agreement No 101039844). Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.The building of EUI was the work of more than 150 individuals during more than 10 years. We gratefully acknowledge all the efforts that have led to a successfully operating instrument. The authors thank the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) for the provision of financial support in the framework of the PRODEX Programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) under contract numbers 4000112292, 4000134088, 4000134474, and 4000136424. The French contribution to the EUI instrument was funded by the French Centre National dtudes Spatiales (CNES); the UK Space Agency (UKSA); the Deutsche Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR); and the Swiss Space Office (SSO). PA and DML acknowledge funding from STFC Ernest Rutherford Fellowships No. ST/R004285/2 and ST/R003246/1, respectively. SP acknowledges the funding by CNES through the MEDOC data and operations center. L.P.C. gratefully acknowledges funding by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council (grant agreement No 101039844). Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.
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