Jupiter; magnetosphere; magnetospheric dynamics; ultraviolet aurora; X-ray aurora; Geophysics; Space and Planetary Science
Abstract :
[en] We define the spatial clustering of X-rays within Jupiter's northern auroral regions by classifying their distributions into “X-ray auroral structures.” Using data from Chandra during Juno's main mission observations (24 May 2016 to 8 September 2019), we define five X-ray structures based on their ionospheric location and calculate the distribution of auroral photons. The morphology and ionospheric location of these structures allow us to explore the possibility of numerous X-ray auroral magnetospheric drivers. We compare these distributions to Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Juno (Waves and MAG) data, and a 1D solar wind propagation model to infer the state of Jupiter's magnetosphere. Our results suggest that the five sub-classes of “X-ray structures” fall under two broad morphologies: fully polar and low latitude emissions. Visibility modeling of each structure suggests the non-uniformity of the photon distributions across the Chandra intervals are likely associated with the switching on/off of magnetospheric drivers as opposed to geometrical effects. The combination of ultraviolet (UV) and X-ray morphological structures is a powerful tool to elucidate the behavior of both electrons and ions and their link to solar wind/magnetospheric conditions in the absence of an upstream solar monitor. Although much work is still needed to progress the use of X-ray morphology as a diagnostic tool, we set the foundations for future studies to continue this vital research.
Research Center/Unit :
STAR - Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research - ULiège
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Weigt, D.M. ; School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom ; School of Cosmic Physics, DIAS Dunsink Observatory, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, Ireland ; School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Jackman, C.M. ; School of Cosmic Physics, DIAS Dunsink Observatory, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, Ireland
Moral Pombo, D. ; Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
Badman, S.V. ; Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
Louis, C.K. ; School of Cosmic Physics, DIAS Dunsink Observatory, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, Ireland
Dunn, W.R. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
McEntee, S.C. ; School of Cosmic Physics, DIAS Dunsink Observatory, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, Ireland ; School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Branduardi-Raymont, G. ; Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Dorking, United Kingdom
Grodent, Denis ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Labo de physique atmosphérique et planétaire (LPAP)
Vogt, M.F. ; Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, United States
Tao, C. ; National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan
Gladstone, G.R. ; Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, United States
Kraft, R.P.; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, United States
Kurth, W.S. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
Connerney, J.E.P. ; Space Research Corporation, Annapolis, United States ; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States
STFC - Science and Technology Facilities Council ESA - European Space Agency AFOSR - Air Force Office of Scientific Research SFI - Science Foundation Ireland JSPS - Japan Society for the Promotion of Science NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Funding text :
DMW is supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) studentship ST/S505705/1 and long term attachment grant to work at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS). DMW's work at DIAS is funded by European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 952439 and project number AO 2‐1927/22/NL/GLC/ov as part of the ESA OSIP Nanosats for Spaceweather Campaign. DMW's work at Trinity College Dublin is supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research award FA9550‐19‐1‐7010. DMP is supported by a LUFST studentship. SVB is supported by STFC projects ST/M005534/1 and ST/V000748/1. CMJ, CKL and SCMcE work at DIAS is supported by the Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Grant 18/FRL/6199. WRD was supported by Ernest Rutherford Fellowship: ST/W003449/1. MFV was supported by NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0559. CT acknowledges support by JSPS KAKENHI 20KK0074. The research at the University of Iowa is supported by NASA through Contract 699041X with Southwest Research Institute.
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