Keywords :
Antifungal activity; Lipopeptides; Membrane activity; Plant immunity; fengycin; Peptides, Cyclic; Membrane Lipids; surfactin peptide; Antifungal Agents; Arabidopsis/metabolism; Cell Membrane/drug effects; Cell Membrane/metabolism; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology; Antifungal Agents/chemistry; Lipopeptides/pharmacology; Lipopeptides/chemistry; Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology; Peptides, Cyclic/chemistry; Peptides, Cyclic/metabolism; Membrane Lipids/metabolism; Membrane Lipids/chemistry; Botrytis/drug effects; Antagonistic activity; Antifungal activities; Chemical pesticides; Fengycins; Lipid membranes; Plant immunities; Surfactins; Arabidopsis; Botrytis; Botrytis cinerea; Cell Membrane; Biotechnology; Surfaces and Interfaces; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Colloid and Surface Chemistry
Abstract :
[en] Lipopeptides produced by beneficial bacilli present promising alternatives to chemical pesticides for plant biocontrol purposes. Our research explores the distinct plant biocontrol activities of lipopeptides surfactin (SRF) and fengycin (FGC) by examining their interactions with lipid membranes. Our study shows that FGC exhibits a direct antagonistic activity against Botrytis cinerea and no marked immune-eliciting activity in Arabidopsis thaliana while SRF only demonstrates an ability to stimulate plant immunity. It also reveals that SRF and FGC exhibit diverse effects on membrane integrity and lipid packing. SRF primarily influences membrane physical state without significant membrane permeabilization, while FGC permeabilizes membranes without significantly affecting lipid packing. From our results, we can suggest that the direct antagonistic activity of lipopeptides is linked to their capacity to permeabilize lipid membrane while the stimulation of plant immunity is more likely the result of their ability to alter the mechanical properties of the membrane. Our work also explores how membrane lipid composition modulates the activities of SRF and FGC. Sterols negatively impact both lipopeptides' activities while sphingolipids mitigate the effects on membrane lipid packing but enhance membrane leakage. In conclusion, our findings emphasize the importance of considering both membrane lipid packing and leakage mechanisms in predicting the biological effects of lipopeptides. It also sheds light on the intricate interplay between the membrane composition and the effectiveness of the lipopeptides, providing insights for targeted biocontrol agent design.
Funding text :
G.G. is recipient of a F.R.I.A. fellowship (F.R.S.-FNRS, grant n\u00B0 1.E.069.20 F), M.D. and M.O. are respectively senior research associate and research director at the F.R.S.-FNRS. The research was supported by the Feder program 2021-2027 (project PHENIX biocontrol Uliege-SPW) and the PDR Project Surfasymm (Belgian Fund for Scientific Research, F.R.S.-FNRS, grant T.0063.19).
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