Madeira Island; alpha diversity; beta diversity; community assembly; diversity facets; generalized dissimilarity model; life‐history traits; linear mixed‐effects model; Ecology
Abstract :
[en] Montane oceanic islands possess unique geographic and ecological attributes, rendering them valuable for assessing patterns and drivers of alpha and beta taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity along elevational gradients. Such comparisons of diversity facets can provide insights into the mechanisms governing community assembly on islands. Herein, we aimed to characterize taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic bryophyte diversity on Madeira Island within and across areas at varying elevations. We also assessed how these diversity facets for the alpha and beta components relate to ecological and anthropogenic factors. We estimated and compared alpha and beta taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity using 80 plots of 0.5 m × 0.5 m across the whole elevational gradient of the island. We compiled trait databases and supplemented them with our own observations. Phylogenetic information was sourced from the Moss and Liverwort Tree of Life. To assess the impact of ecological and anthropogenic factors on the three facets, we applied linear mixed-effects models and generalized dissimilarity models to alpha- and beta-diversity matrices, respectively. All facets of diversity exhibited strong correlations within both mosses and liverworts, indicating a substantial congruence when alpha and beta are analyzed separately. The bryophyte groups categorized by the growth form demonstrated contrasting patterns, aligning with their distinctive ecological requirements. While a mid-elevation peak emerged as a common pattern across the three facets of alpha diversity, beta diversity often displayed the opposite trend. Although the relative influence of environmental factors varied depending on the diversity facet and bryophyte grouping considered, we found that alpha and beta diversity of bryophytes are more influenced by climatic factors and the predominant type of vegetation than by anthropogenic factors. In the current context of global change, these results should be interpreted with caution, but they point to the resilience of bryophytes to survive in relatively well-preserved natural microhabitats within anthropogenic landscapes. In this study on Madeira Island, we investigated patterns and drivers of alpha and beta taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity along elevational gradients. We found that alpha and beta diversity of bryophytes are more strongly influenced by climatic factors and the predominant type of vegetation than by anthropogenic factors.
Disciplines :
Environmental sciences & ecology
Author, co-author :
Martins, Anabela ; cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute/MUHNAC-Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
Collart, Flavien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Biologie, Ecologie et Evolution > Biologie de l'évolution et de la conservation - Unité aCREA-Ulg (Conseils et Recherches en Ecologie Appliquée) ; Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
Sim-Sim, Manuela ; cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute/MUHNAC-Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal ; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências, cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
Patiño, Jairo ; Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC) La Laguna Spain ; Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal Universidad de La Laguna La Laguna Spain
Language :
English
Title :
Ecological drivers of taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of bryophytes in an oceanic island.
MICINN - Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia SNF - Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung
Funding text :
We thank the Natural Park of Madeira Island for the permit to collect plant material (02/IFCN/2018-FLO MAD). We are also grateful to Carlos Lobo, F\u00E1bio Reis, and Susana Fontinha for providing fieldwork assistance. We thank Jacques van Rooy and Antoine Becker-Scarpitta for their helpful comments. A.M. was funded by FCT (Funda\u00E7\u00E3o para a Ci\u00EAncia e a Tecnologia) through the individual research grant 2020.06119.BD. J.P. was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) through the Ram\u00F3n y Cajal program (RYC-2016-20506) and project (ASTERALIEN\u2014PID2019-110538GA-I00). FC was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant no. 197777).
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