Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics; Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract :
[en] Ultracool dwarf stars are abundant, long-lived and uniquely suited to enable the atmospheric study of transiting terrestrial companions with the JWST. Among them, the most prominent is the M8.5V star TRAPPIST-1 and its seven planets. While JWST Cycle 1 observations have started to yield preliminary insights into the planets, they have also revealed that their atmospheric exploration requires a better understanding of their host star. Here we propose a roadmap to characterize the TRAPPIST-1 system — and others like it — in an efficient and robust manner with JWST. We notably recommend that — although more challenging to schedule — multi-transit windows be prioritized to mitigate the effects of stellar activity and gather up to twice more transits per JWST hour spent. We conclude that, for such systems, planets cannot be studied in isolation by small programmes but rather need large-scale, joint space- and ground-based initiatives to fully exploit the capabilities of JWST for the exploration of terrestrial planets.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
de Wit, J.; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science
Doyon, René; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science
Rackham, Benjamin V.; University of Montreal, Department of Physics, -
Lim, Olivia; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, MIT, Center for Space Research/Kavli Institute
Ducrot, Elsa; University of Montreal, Department of Physics, -
Kreidberg, Laura; Paris Region Fellow, Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action, Paris, France, AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Benneke, Björn; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg
Ribas, Ignasi; University of Montreal, Department of Physics, -
Berardo, David; Institute of Space Studies, Catalona, Institute of Space Studies, Catalona
Niraula, Prajwal; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science
Iyer, Aishwarya; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science
Shapiro, Alexander; Arizona State University, School of Earth and Space Exploration
Kostogryz, Nadiia; Max-Planck-Institute for Solar System Research, Lindau
Witzke, Veronika; Max-Planck-Institute for Solar System Research, Lindau
Gillon, Michaël ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) ; Max-Planck-Institute for Solar System Research, Lindau
Agol, Eric; University of Liege, Belgium
Meadows, Victoria; Department of Astronomy and Astrobiology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, NASA Nexus for Exoplanet System Science, Virtual Planetary Laboratory Team, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Burgasser, Adam J.; Department of Astronomy and Astrobiology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, NASA Nexus for Exoplanet System Science, Virtual Planetary Laboratory Team, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Owen, James E.; University of California, San Diego, Center for Astrophysics and Space Science
Fortney, Jonathan J.; Imperial College, Astrophysics Group
Selsis, Franck; University of California, Santa Cruz, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Bello-Arufe, Aaron; Laboratoire d'astrophysique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, B18N, Pessac, France
de Beurs, Zoë; Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Bolmont, Emeline; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science
Cowan, Nicolas; University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory, -
Dong, Chuanfei; McGill University, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Department of Physics
Drake, Jeremy J.; Boston University, Department of Astronomy
Garcia, Lionel; Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Greene, Thomas; University of Liege, Belgium
Haworth, Thomas; NASA Ames Research Center
Hu, Renyu; Queen Mary University, School of Physics and Astronomy
Kane, Stephen R.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences
Kervella, Pierre; University of California, Irvine, Department of Earth System Science
Koll, Daniel; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique
Krissansen-Totton, Joshua; Peking University, China
Lagage, Pierre-Olivier; University of Washington, Department of Earth and Space Sciences
Lichtenberg, Tim; AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Lustig-Yaeger, Jacob; University of Groningen, Kapteyn Astronomical Institute
Turbet, Martin; University of Texas, Austin, Department of Physics, Florida Institute of Technology, Department of Physics and Space Science
Seager, Sara; Laboratoire d'astrophysique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, B18N, Pessac, France, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/IPSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Paris, France
Barkaoui, Khalid ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exoplanets in Transit: Identification and Characterization ; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, MIT, Center for Space Research/Kavli Institute, MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science
Bell, Taylor J.; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Liege, Belgium, Astrophysical Institute of the Canaries
Burdanov, Artem; NASA Ames Research Center, Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, California
Cadieux, Charles; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science
Charnay, Benjamin; Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Cloutier, Ryan; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique
Cook, Neil J.; McMaster University, Department of Physics and Astronomy
Correia, Alexandre C. M.; Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Dang, Lisa; University of Coimbra, Department of Physics, -
Daylan, Tansu; Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Delrez, Laetitia; Princeton University, Department of Astrophysical Sciences
Edwards, Billy; University of Liege, Belgium, University of Liege, Laboratory of Planetary and Atmospheric Physics
Fauchez, Thomas J.; Netherlands Institute for Space Research
Flagg, Laura; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Maryland, -
Fraschetti, Federico; Cornell University, Department of Astronomy/Center for Radiophysics and Space Research
Haqq-Misra, Jacob; Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Arizona, Department of Planetary Sciences
Huang, Ziyu; Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Washington
Iro, Nicolas; Boston University, Department of Astronomy
Jayawardhana, Ray; Helmholtz Institute for Planetary Research, Berlin
Jehin, Emmanuel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) ; Department of Physics &, Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, ND, USA
Jin, Meng; University of Liege, Laboratory of Planetary and Atmospheric Physics
Kite, Edwin; Lockheed Martin, Palo Alto
Kitzmann, Daniel; University of Chicago, Department of Geophysical Sciences
Kral, Quentin; University of Bern, Physics Institute
Lafrenière, David; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique
Libert, Anne-Sophie; Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Liu, Beibei; Department of Mathematics, naXys Research Institute, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
Mohanty, Subhanjoy; Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Morris, Brett M.; Imperial College, Astrophysics Group
Murray, Catriona A.; Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
Piaulet, Caroline; University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences
Pozuelos, Francisco J.; Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Radica, Michael; Instituto de Astrofsica de Andaluca, Granada, Spain
Ranjan, Sukrit; Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Rathcke, Alexander; University of Arizona, Department of Planetary Sciences
Roy, Pierre-Alexis; DTU Physics, Lyngby
Schwieterman, Edward W.; Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Turner, Jake D.; University of California, Irvine, Department of Earth System Science
Triaud, Amaury; Cornell University, Department of Astronomy/Center for Radiophysics and Space Research
Way, Michael J.; University of Birmingham, School of Physics and Astronomy
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