Dielectric relaxation and charge transfer mechanism of the inorganic perovskite CsHgCl3

And Polarization; Dielectric properties; Electrical conduction mechanism; PXRD; “ac” conductivity; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Inorganic Chemistry; Materials Chemistry

Abstract :

[en] Inorganic perovskite provides promising opportunities for use in optoelectronics due to its wide range of physical characteristics and structural configuration. In this paper, the CsHgCl3 compound was successfully synthesized via the slow evaporation method at room temperature. The X-ray diffraction pattern indicated a cubic structure in the Pm3¯m group space. Also, an extensive investigation was performed into the relative permittivity and “ac” conductivity within the 10–106 Hz frequency range at different temperatures. Electrical and dielectric studies reveal that the studied material undergoes a transition around a temperature of 363 K. CsHgCl3 has a high dielectric constant, making it a potential choice for energy harvesting devices. The frequency-dependent “ac” conductivity, evaluated using Jonscher's law, was built to be temperature-dependent. In addition, the low activation energy can reveal the electronic conduction of this material. Several models based on Elliott's theory were used to investigate the conduction mechanism. In the first region, the behavior was in line with the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model, however, in the second region, the overlapping large polaron tunneling (OLPT) model was seen. Furthermore, the results show a notable improvement of the electrical conductivity when exposed to electrical polarization applied dc-biases of Vp = 0.5 to 3 V at ambient temperature. These findings highlight the impact of the studied material's enormous electro-resistance, which makes it a highly potential candidate for emerging technologies.

Disciplines :

Chemistry

Author, co-author :

Gharbi, Imen; Laboratory of Spectroscopic Characterization and Optical Materials, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Ghoudi, Arafet; Laboratory of Spectroscopic Characterization and Optical Materials, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Kammoun, Imed; Laboratory of Spectroscopic Characterization and Optical Materials, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Mahmoud, Abdelfattah ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > GREEnMat

Oueslati, Abderrazek; Laboratory of Spectroscopic Characterization and Optical Materials, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Language :

English

Title :

Dielectric relaxation and charge transfer mechanism of the inorganic perovskite CsHgCl3

Publication date :

August 2024

Journal title :

Inorganic Chemistry Communications

ISSN :

1387-7003

Publisher :

Elsevier B.V.

Volume :

166

Pages :

112565

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1387700324005483?httpAccept=text/xml

Available on ORBi :

since 19 July 2024

Statistics

Number of views

15 (2 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

2 (1 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

Bibliography

He, C., Liu, X., The rise of halide perovskite semiconductors. Light: Sci. App., 12(1), 2023, 10.1038/s41377-022-01010-4.
Rajagopal, A., Yao, K., Jen, A.-K.-Y., Toward perovskite solar cell commercialization: a perspective and research roadmap based on interfacial engineering. Adv. Mater, 30(32), 2018, Portico, 10.1002/adma.201800455.
Wang, J., Zhang, J., Zhou, Y., Liu, H., Xue, Q., Li, X., Chueh, C.-C., Yip, H.-L., Zhu, Z., Jen, A.K.Y., Highly efficient all-inorganic perovskite solar cells with suppressed non-radiative recombination by a Lewis base. Nat. Commun., 11(1), 2020, 10.1038/s41467-019-13909-5.
Bechir, M.B., Dhaou, M.H., Study of charge transfer mechanism and dielectric relaxation of CsCuCl3 perovskite nanoparticles. Mater. Res. Bull., 144, 2021, 111473, 10.1016/j.materresbull.2021.111473.
Jiang, Q., Zhang, L., Wang, H., Yang, X., Meng, J., Liu, H., Yin, Z., Wu, J., Zhang, X., You, J., Enhanced electron extraction using SnO2 for high-efficiency planar-structure HC(NH2)2PbI3-based perovskite solar cells. Nat. Energy, 2(1), 2016, 10.1038/nenergy.2016.177.
Ben Bechir, M., Dhaou, M.H., Study of charge transfer mechanism and dielectric relaxation of all-inorganic perovskite CsSnCl3. RSC Adv. 11:35 (2021), 21767–21780, 10.1039/d1ra02457d.
Jiang, Q., Zhao, Y., Zhang, X., Yang, X., Chen, Y., Chu, Z., Ye, Q., Li, X., Yin, Z., You, J., Surface passivation of perovskite film for efficient solar cells. Nat. Photonics 13:7 (2019), 460–466, 10.1038/s41566-019-0398-2.
Jeong, B., Han, H., Choi, Y.J., Cho, S.H., Kim, E.H., Lee, S.W., Kim, J.S., Park, C., Kim, D., Park, C., All-inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite phase-stabilized by poly(ethylene oxide) for red-light-emitting diodes. Adv. Funct. Mater., 28(16), 2018, Portico, 10.1002/adfm.201706401.
Leung, S., Ho, K., Kung, P., Hsiao, V.K.S., Alshareef, H.N., Wang, Z.L., He, J., A self-powered and flexible organometallic halide perovskite photodetector with very high detectivity. Adv. Mater., 30(8), 2018, 10.1002/adma.201704611 (Portico).
Wang, H., Lin, J., Zhu, Y., Zeng, X., Wei, H., Cheng, P., Lu, H., Liu, Y., Xiong, R., Fabrication of flexible resistive switching devices based on lead-free all-inorganic CsSnBr 3 perovskite using a one-step chemical vapor deposition method. Adv. Electron. Mater., 6(11), 2020, Portico, 10.1002/aelm.202000799.
House, D.A., Robinson, W.T., McKee, V., Chloromercury(II) anions. Coord. Chem. Rev. 135–136 (1994), 533–586, 10.1016/0010-8545(94)80077-4.
Mallick, B., Metlen, A., Nieuwenhuyzen, M., Rogers, R.D., Mudring, A.-V., Mercuric Ionic Liquids: [Cnmim][HgX3], Where n = 3, 4 and X = Cl. Br. Inorg. Chem. 51:1 (2011), 193–200, 10.1021/ic201415d.
Boucherdoud, A., Mesbah, S., Lantri, T., Houari, M., Bestani, B., Benderdouche, N., Pressure effect on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of ternary halide perovskite AgCaCl3: a first-principles study. J. Mol. Model., 29(5), 2023, 10.1007/s00894-023-05573-w.
Song, X., Zhao, Y., Wang, X., Ni, J., Meng, S., Dai, Z., Strong anharmonicity and high thermoelectric performance of cubic thallium-based fluoride perovskites TlXF3 (X = Hg, Sn, Pb). PCCP 25:7 (2023), 5776–5784, 10.1039/d2cp05382a.
Mao, X., Sun, L., Wu, T., Chu, T., Deng, W., Han, K., First-principles screening of all-inorganic lead-free ABX3 perovskites. J. Phys. Chem. C 122:14 (2018), 7670–7675, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b02448.
Gharbi, I., Oueslati, A., Ates, A., Mahmoud, A., Zaghrioui, M., Gargouri, M., Investigation of structural, morphological, and electrical conductivity study for understanding transport mechanisms of perovskite CH3NH3HgCl3. RSC Adv. 13:15 (2023), 10036–10050, 10.1039/d3ra00671a.
Arif, M., Reshak, A. H., Zaman, S. U., Husain, M., Rahman, N., Ahmad, S. A., Saqib, M., Khan, S., Ramli, M. M., & Khan, A. (2021). Density functional theory based study of the physical properties of cesium based cubic halide perovskites CsHgX3 (X═ F and Cl). International Journal of Energy Research, 46(3), 2467–2476. Portico. doi: 10.1002/er.7321.
Das, S., Ghosh, A., Charge carrier relaxation in different plasticized PEO/PVDF-HFP blend solid polymer electrolytes. J. Phys. Chem. B 121:21 (2017), 5422–5432, 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b02277.
Tealdi, C., Chiodelli, G., Pin, S., Malavasi, L., Flor, G., Ionic conductivity in melilite-type silicates. J. Mater. Chem. A 2:4 (2014), 907–910, 10.1039/c3ta13175k.
Rietveld, H.M., A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures. J. Appl. Cryst. 2:2 (1969), 65–71, 10.1107/s0021889869006558.
Albarski, O., Hillebrecht, H., Rotter, H.W., Thiele, G., About cesium trichloromercurate(II) CsHgCl3: solution of a complex superstructure and behaviour under high pressure. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 2000:626 (2000), 1296–1304, 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3749(200006)626:6<1296::AID-ZAAC1296>3.0.CO;2-3.
Hamrit, F., Chtourou, R., Taloub, D., Gharbi, I., Oueslati, A., Synthesis, morphological, electrical, and conduction mechanism studies of a sodium cerium diphosphate compound. RSC Adv. 13:22 (2023), 15356–15365, 10.1039/d3ra02231e.
Williamson, G.K., Hall, W.H., X-ray line broadening from filed aluminium and wolfram. Acta Metall. 1:1 (1953), 22–31, 10.1016/0001-6160(53)90006-6.
Ghoudi, H., Chkoundali, S., Raddaoui, Z., Aydi, A., Structure properties and dielectric relaxation of Ca0.1Na0.9Ti0.1Nb0.9O3 ceramic. RSC Adv. 9:44 (2019), 25358–25367, 10.1039/c9ra03967h.
Zhou, Y., Zhao, Y., Chemical stability and instability of inorganic halide perovskites. Energ. Environ. Sci. 12:5 (2019), 1495–1511, 10.1039/c8ee03559h.
Rhee, S., An, K., Kang, K.-T., Recent advances and challenges in halide perovskite crystals in optoelectronic devices from solar cells to other applications. Crystals, 11(1), 2020, 39, 10.3390/cryst11010039.
Zákutná, D., Vlček, J., Fitl, P., Nemkovski, K., Honecker, D., Nižňanský, D., Disch, S., Noncollinear magnetism in nanosized cobalt chromite. Phys. Rev. B, 98(6), 2018, 10.1103/physrevb.98.064407.
Ghoudi, A., Ben Brahim, Kh., Ghalla, H., Lhoste, J., Auguste, S., Khirouni, K., Aydi, A., Oueslati, A., Crystal structure and optical characterization of a new hybrid compound, C6H9N2FeCl4, with large dielectric constants for field-effect transistors. RSC Adv. 13:19 (2023), 12844–12862, 10.1039/d3ra01239e.
Kakade, S.G., Kambale, R.C., Kolekar, Y.D., Ramana, C.V., Dielectric, electrical transport and magnetic properties of Er3+ substituted nanocrystalline cobalt ferrite. J. Phys. Chem. Solid 98 (2016), 20–27, 10.1016/j.jpcs.2016.03.015.
Lahouli, R., Massoudi, J., Smari, M., Rahmouni, H., Khirouni, K., Dhahri, E., Bessais, L., Investigation of annealing effects on the physical properties of Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe1.5Al0.5O4 ferrite. RSC Adv. 9:35 (2019), 19949–19964, 10.1039/c9ra02238d.
Nedkov, I., Vandenberghe, R.E., Marinova, T.s., Thailhades, Ph., Merodiiska, T., Avramova, I., Magnetic structure and collective Jahn-Teller distortions in nanostructured particles of CuFe2O4. Appl. Surf. Sci. 253:5 (2006), 2589–2596, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.05.049.
Koops, C.G., On the dispersion of resistivity and dielectric constant of some semiconductors at audiofrequencies. Phys. Rev. 83:1 (1951), 121–124, 10.1103/physrev.83.121.
El Heda, I., Dhahri, R., Massoudi, J., Dhahri, E., Bahri, F., Khirouni, K., Costa, B.F.O., Study of the structural, electrical, dielectric properties and transport mechanisms of Cu0.5Fe2.5O4 ferrite nanoparticles for energy storage, photocatalytic and microelectronic applications. Heliyon, 9(6), 2023, e17403.
Yang, H., Pan, L., Wang, X., Deng, H., Zhong, M., Zhou, Z., Lou, Z., Shen, G., Wei, Z., Mixed-valence-driven quasi-1D SnIISnIVS3 with highly polarization-sensitive UV–vis–NIR photoresponse. Adv. Funct. Mater., 29(38), 2019, Portico, 10.1002/adfm.201904416.
Su, J., Zhang, J., Remarkable enhancement of mechanical and dielectric properties of flexible ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)/ barium titanate (BaTiO3) dielectric elastomer by chemical modification of particles. RSC Adv. 5:96 (2015), 78448–78456, 10.1039/c5ra14047a 33.
Ouni, I., Ben Khlifa, H., M'nassri, R., Nofal, M.M., Dannoun, E.M., Rahmouni, H., Khirouni, K., Cheikhrouhou, A., Transport properties and dielectric response of Pr0.8Na0.2-xKxMnO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2) ceramics synthesized by sol–gel method. Appl. Phys. A, 127(8), 2021, 10.1007/s00339-021-04760-x.
Rayssi, Ch., Kossi, S.E., Dhahri, J., Khirouni, K., Frequency and temperature-dependence of dielectric permittivity and electric modulus studies of the solid solution Ca0.85Er0.1Ti1−xCo4x/3O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1). RSC Adv. 8:31 (2018), 17139–17150, 10.1039/c8ra00794b.
Das, R., Choudhary, R.N.P., Studies of structural, dielectric relaxor and electrical characteristics of lead-free double Perovskite:Gd2NiMnO6. Solid State Sci. 87 (2019), 1–8, 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2018.10.020.
Ranjan, R., Kumar, R., Kumar, N., Behera, B., Choudhary, R.N.P., Impedance and electric modulus analysis of Sm-modified Pb(Zr0.55Ti0.45)1–x/4O3 ceramics. J. Alloy. Compd. 509:22 (2011), 6388–6394, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.03.003.
Hodge, I.M., Angell, C.A., Electrical relaxation in amorphous protonic conductors. J. Chem. Phys. 67:4 (1977), 1647–1658, 10.1063/1.434997.
Ngai, K.L., A review of critical experimental facts in electrical relaxation and ionic diffusion in ionically conducting glasses and melts. J. Non Cryst. Solids 203 (1996), 232–245, 10.1016/0022-3093(96)00485-1.
Hazarika, J., Kumar, A., Electric modulus based relaxation dynamics and ac conductivity scaling of polypyrrole nanotubes. Synth. Met. 198 (2014), 239–247, 10.1016/j.synthmet.2014.10.009.
Bergman, R., General susceptibility functions for relaxations in disordered systems. J. Appl. Phys. 88:3 (2000), 1356–1365, 10.1063/1.373824.
Zuo, X.Z., Yang, J., Yuan, B., Song, D.P., Tang, X.W., Zhang, K.J., Zhu, X.B., Song, W.H., Dai, J.M., Sun, Y.P., Magnetic, dielectric properties, and scaling behaviors of Aurivillius compounds Bi6−x∕3Fe2Ti3−2x(WCo)xO18 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15). J. Appl. Phys., 117(11), 2015, 10.1063/1.4915089.
Pradhan, D. K., Misra, P., Puli, V. S., Sahoo, S., Pradhan, D. K., & Katiyar, R. S. (2014). Studies on structural, dielectric, and transport properties of Ni0.65Zn0.35Fe2O4. Journal of Applied Physics, 115(24), 243904. Portico. doi: 10.1063/1.4885420.
Jonscher, A.K., The ‘universal’ dielectric response. Nature 267:5613 (1977), 673–679, 10.1038/267673a0.
Dyre, J.C., Schrøder, T.B., Universality of ac conduction in disordered solids. Rev. Mod. Phys. 72:3 (2000), 873–892, 10.1103/revmodphys.72.873.
Ladhar, A., Arous, M., Kaddami, H., Raihane, M., Kallel, A., Graça, M.P.F., Costa, L.C., AC and DC electrical conductivity in natural rubber/nanofibrillated cellulose nanocomposites. J. Mol. Liq. 209 (2015), 272–279, 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.04.020.
Ben Bechir, M., Ben Rhaiem, A., The lithium-ion battery: Study of alternative current conduction mechanisms on the Li3PO4 - based solid electrolyte. Physica E, 130, 2021, 114686, 10.1016/j.physe.2021.114686.
Ghosh, A., Chakravorty, D., AC conduction in semiconducting CuO-Bi2O3-P2O5glasses. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 2:24 (1990), 5365–5372, 10.1088/0953-8984/2/24/009.
Le Cleac'h, X., Lois de variations et ordre de grandeur de la conductivité alternative des chalcogénures massifs non cristallins. J. Phys. 40:4 (1979), 417–428, 10.1051/jphys:01979004004041700.
Pike, G.E., ac Conductivity of scandium oxide and a new hopping model for conductivity. Phys. Rev. B 6:4 (1972), 1572–1580, 10.1103/physrevb.6.1572.
Yadav, P., Sharma, A., Temperature and frequency dependence of AC conductivity of new quaternary Se-Te-Bi-Pb chalcogenide glasses. AIP Conf. Proc.Doi, 10(1063/1), 2016, 4946240.
Ben Bechir, M., Ben Rhaiem, A., Structural phase transition, vibrational analysis, ionic conductivity and conduction mechanism studies in an organic-inorganic hybrid crystal: [N(CH3)3H]2CdCl4. J. Solid State Chem., 296, 2021, 122021, 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122021.
Elliott, S.R., A.c. conduction in amorphous chalcogenide and pnictide semiconductors. Adv. Phys. 36:2 (1987), 135–217, 10.1080/00018738700101971.
Abassi, H., Bouguila, N., A new theoretical approach of the electronic AC conduction in chacogenides. an insight on the CBH model in the domain of low temperatures. Phys. B Condens. Matter 564 (2019), 172–178, 10.1016/j.physb.2019.04.017.
Zolanvari, A., Goyal, N., Tripathi, S.K., Electrical properties of a-GexSe100-x. Pramana 63:3 (2004), 617–625, 10.1007/bf02704488.
Said, R.B., Louati, B., Guidara, K., Electrical properties and conduction mechanism in the sodium nickel diphosphate. Ionics 20:5 (2013), 703–711, 10.1007/s11581-013-1027-6.
Brahim, K.B., Oueslati, A., Gargouri, M., Electrical conductivity and vibrational studies induced phase transitions in [(C2H5)4N]FeCl4. RSC Adv. 8:71 (2018), 40676–40686, 10.1039/c8ra07671e.
Murawski, L., Chung, C.H., Mackenzie, J.D., Electrical properties of semiconducting oxide glasses. J. Non Cryst. Solids 32:1–3 (1979), 91–104, 10.1016/0022-3093(79)90066-8.
Neupane, G.R., Bamidele, M., Yeddu, V., Kim, D.Y., Hari, P., Negative capacitance and hysteresis in encapsulated MAPbI3 and lead–tin (Pb–Sn) perovskite solar cells. J. Mater. Res. 37:7 (2022), 1357–1372, 10.1557/s43578-022-00540-2.
Gullu, H.H., Yildiz, D.E., Capacitance, conductance, and dielectric characteristics of Al/TiO2/Si diode. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 32:10 (2021), 13549–13567, 10.1007/s10854-021-05931-5.
Zheng, Y., Fischer, A., Sergeeva, N., Reineke, S., Mannsfeld, S.C.B., Exploiting lateral current flow due to doped layers in semiconductor devices having crossbar electrodes. Org. Electron. 65 (2019), 82–90, 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.10.040.
Rayssi, Ch., Jebli, M., Dhahri, J., Henda, M.B., Alotaibi, N., Alshahrani, T., Belmabrouk, H., Bchetnia, A., Bouazizi, M.L., Experimental-structural study, Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible, and impedance characterizations of Ba0.97La0.02Ti0.9Nb0.08O3 polycrystalline sample. J. Mol. Struct., 1249, 2022, 131539, 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131539.
Sutar, B.C., Pati, B., Parida, B.N., Das, P.R., Choudhary, R.N.P., Dielectric and impedance characteristics of Ba(Bi0.5Nb0.5)O3 ceramics. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 24:6 (2013), 2043–2051, 10.1007/s10854-012-1054-5.
Laxminarasimha Rao, V., Shekharam, T., Mohan Kumar, T., Nagabhushanam, M., Effect of copper on impedance and dielectric studies of CuxZn1−xS mixed semiconductor compounds. Mater. Chem. Phys. 159 (2015), 83–92, 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2015.03.055.
Longo, C., De Paoli, M.-A., Dye-sensitized solar cells: a successful combination of materials. J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 14(6), 2003, 10.1590/s0103-50532003000600005.
Jebli, M., Hamdaoui, N., Dhahri, J., Henda, M.B., Belmabrouk, H., Bouazizi, M.L., Hamdi, A., Nanoarchitectonics of niobium-doped, lead-free BLT (Ba0.97La0.02Ti0.98Nb0.016O3) for electrical properties with unusual d.c bias voltage independence. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym Mater. 32:5 (2022), 1681–1694, 10.1007/s10904-021-02196-7.
Rahmouni, H., Cherif, B., Khirouni, K., Baazaoui, M., Zemni, S., Influence of polarization and iron content on the transport properties of praseodymium–barium manganite. J. Phys. Chem. Solid 88 (2016), 35–40, 10.1016/j.jpcs.2015.09.011.
Odagawa, A., Kanno, T., Adachi, H., Sato, H., Inoue, I.H., Akoh, H., Kawasaki, M., Tokura, Y., Temperature dependence of colossal electro-resistance of Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 thin films. Thin Solid Films 486:1–2 (2005), 75–78, 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.11.217.
Ghatak, S., Sinha, M., Meikap, A.K., Pradhan, S.K., Electrical transport behavior of nonstoichiometric magnesium–zinc ferrite. Mater. Res. Bull. 45:8 (2010), 954–960, 10.1016/j.materresbull.2010.04.008.
Mohan, R., Kumar, N., Singh, B., Gaur, N.K., Bhattacharya, S., Rayaprol, S., Dogra, A., Gupta, S.K., Kim, S.J., Singh, R.K., Colossal electroresistance in Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3. J. Alloy. Compd., 508(2), 2010, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.08.085 (L32–L35).
Prakash, T., Ramasamy, S., Murty, B.S., Effect of DC bias on electrical conductivity of nanocrystalline α-CuSCN. AIP Adv., 1(2), 2011, 10.1063/1.3583601.