water quality; effluent; shrimp cultivation; extreme weather events; treatment facilities
Abstract :
[en] Ninh Thuan is a coastal province in the central region of Vietnam and is characterized by a climate that is the hottest and driest in the country. Vietnam is also one of the top five countries most vulnerable to the effects of climate change worldwide. The objective of this study was a thorough evaluation of the quality of water supply sources and the impacts of water effluents from shrimp farms in Ninh Thuan province. The comprehensive evaluation was based on an understanding of the water–wastewater cycle employed in coastal shrimp cultivation. We combined qualitative and quantitative analyses in undertaking this study. Secondary data of groundwater and coastal water from the local periodic water quality monitoring program and national technical regulations were collected in the qualitative approach. We also integrated participatory rural appraisal techniques and field observations to understanding shrimp cultivation and the environmental and social impacts of shrimp farm effluents. The quantitative assessment consisted of measuring groundwater and wastewater contamination from shrimp ponds. As a result, four main reasons for water pollution issues were determined including extreme weather events, shrimp cultivation practices, degraded infrastructure, and mismanagement by local governance. Shrimp cultivation practices (feeding, using chemicals) have resulted in elevated levels of suspended solid (TSS, total Coliform), organic and carbon matter (BOD5, COD), and excessive nutrients (total Nitrogen, NO2-N, NO3-N, PO4-P). According to a local monitoring program, the coastal water and groundwater have experienced nutrient pollution. Groundwater sampling near the shrimp farms identified salinization elevated levels of Coliform from local domestic sewage sources. This study resulted in an integrated approach that evaluated the combined effects of extreme weather events and shrimp farming practices on the quality of coastal water. Also, the finding can be useful in recommending remedial water treatment technologies as a follow-on phase.
Research Center/Unit :
Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
Disciplines :
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Cao Thu Thuy ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Molecular Systems (MolSys) ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Faculté des Sciences > Form. doct. sc. (chimie - paysage) ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Faculté des Sciences > Doct. scienc. (chimie) ; Institute of Environmental Science, Engineering and Management > Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City > Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
Eppe, Gauthier ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > Laboratoire de spectrométrie de masse (L.S.M.)
Kieu Lan Phuong Nguyen; Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University.
Hung Anh Le; 2Institute of Environmental Science, Engineering and Management, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 71406 Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
Language :
English
Title :
The Integrating Impacts of Extreme Weather Events and Shrimp Farming Practices on Coastal Water Resource Quality in Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam
Alternative titles :
[fr] Les impacts intégrés des événements météorologiques extrêmes et des pratiques d'élevage de crevettes sur la qualité des ressources en eau côtière dans la province de Ninh Thuận, Vietnam
Original title :
[en] The Integrating Impacts of Extreme Weather Events and Shrimp Farming Practices on Coastal Water Resource Quality in Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam
ARES - Académie de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur
Funding number :
PRD 2016–2022
Funding text :
This research supported by the Académie de Recherche et d’Enseignement Supérieur
(ARES-CCD, Brussels, Belgium) in the frame of the RENEWABLE project (Removal of nutrients in
wastewater treatments via microalgae and biofuel/biomass production for Environmental sustainability in Vietnam, PRD 2016–2022).
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