The Restoration of Degraded Landscapes along the Urban–Rural Gradient of Lubumbashi City (Democratic Republic of the Congo) by Acacia auriculiformis Plantations: Their Spatial Dynamics and Impact on Plant Diversity
biological invasion; ecological restoration; green infrastructure; urban forestry; urbanization; Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics; Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous); Ecology; General Medicine
Abstract :
[en] This study examines the spatio-temporal dynamics of Acacia auriculiformis in Lubumbashi city, southeastern Democratic Republic of Congo, in the context of rapid urbanization following the liberalization of the mining sector. The city has experienced significant demographic growth and unplanned spatial expansion, resulting in a decrease in vegetation cover. The introduction and proliferation of A. auriculiformis, an exotic tree species, have occurred without strategic planning or monitoring. Utilizing digitized remote sensing imagery from 2006, 2014, and 2021, we quantified the expansion of A. auriculiformis along the urban–rural gradient. Additionally, a floristic inventory conducted in 2021 provided insights into tree diversity within A. auriculiformis plantations. Our findings indicate a substantial increase in the number and area of A. auriculiformis patches, predominantly in urban zones. However, the patch values, highest in 2006, were shown to decline by 2021, especially in urban areas. The floristic inventory identified 39 tree species within A. auriculiformis plantations, including predominant species such as Albizia lebbeck, Albizia alba, and Leucaena leucocephala. Notably, 20 of these species are exotic, with half being invasive. In contrast, the 19 indigenous species were primarily found in peri-urban areas. While a greater number of tree species were observed in urban zones, larger average diameters were recorded in peri-urban zones. The persistence and expansion of A. auriculiformis in a landscape characterized by declining tree cover suggest its potential sustainability in this setting. However, A. auriculiformis plantations have facilitated the establishment of predominantly exotic and potentially invasive species. These findings highlight the need for the strategic management of A. auriculiformis and associated exotic flora to mitigate their spread and to consider their role in the restoration of degraded lands.
Disciplines :
Environmental sciences & ecology
Author, co-author :
Useni Sikuzani, Yannick ; Unité Ecologie, Restauration Ecologique et Paysage, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic Congo
Khoji Muteya, Héritier ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre ; Unité Ecologie, Restauration Ecologique et Paysage, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic Congo
Yona Mleci, Jonas; Unité Ecologie, Restauration Ecologique et Paysage, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic Congo
Mpanda Mukenza, Médard ; Ecole Régionale Post-Universitaire d’Aménagement et Gestion Intégrés des Forêts et Territoires Tropicaux (ERAIFT), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic Congo ; Département de Gestion des Ressources Naturelles Renouvelables, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université Technologique Katumba Mwanke, Kasenga, Democratic Republic Congo
Malaisse, François ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Biodiversité et Paysage
Bogaert, Jan ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Biodiversité et Paysage
Language :
English
Title :
The Restoration of Degraded Landscapes along the Urban–Rural Gradient of Lubumbashi City (Democratic Republic of the Congo) by Acacia auriculiformis Plantations: Their Spatial Dynamics and Impact on Plant Diversity
Publication date :
March 2024
Journal title :
Ecologies
eISSN :
2673-4133
Publisher :
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
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