[en] Biodiversity loss, as driven by anthropogenic global change, imperils biosphere intactness and integrity. Ecosystem services such as top-down regulation (or biological control; BC) are susceptible to loss of extinction-prone taxa at upper trophic levels and secondary 'support' species e.g., herbivores. Here, drawing upon curated open-access interaction data, we structurally analyze trophic networks centered on the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and assess their robustness to species loss. Tri-partite networks link 80 BC organisms (invertebrate or microbial), 512 lepidopteran hosts and 1194 plants (including 147 cultivated crops) in the Neotropics. These comprise threatened herbaceous or woody plants and conservation flagships such as saturniid moths. Treating all interaction partners functionally equivalent, random herbivore loss exerts a respective 26 % or 108 % higher impact on top-down regulation in crop and non-crop settings than that of BC organisms (at 50 % loss). Equally, random loss of BC organisms affects herbivore regulation to a greater extent (13.8 % at 50 % loss) than herbivore loss mediates their preservation (11.4 %). Yet, under moderate biodiversity loss, (non-pest) herbivores prove highly susceptible to loss of BC organisms. Our topological approach spotlights how agriculturally-subsidized BC agents benefit vegetation restoration, while non-pest herbivores uphold biological control in on- and off-farm settings alike. Our work underlines how the on-farm usage of endemic biological control organisms can advance conservation, restoration, and agricultural sustainability imperatives. We discuss how integrative approaches and close interdisciplinary cooperation can spawn desirable outcomes for science, policy and practice.
Disciplines :
Entomology & pest control
Author, co-author :
Wyckhuys, Kris A G ✱; Chrysalis Consulting, Danang, Viet Nam, Institute for Plant Protection, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Australia, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Rome, Italy. Electronic address: k.wyckhuys@uq.edu.au
Pozsgai, Gabor ✱; cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, University of the Azores, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
Ben Fekih, Ibtissem ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Gestion durable des bio-agresseurs
Sanchez-Garcia, Francisco J; Instituto Murciano de Investigacion y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), Murcia, Spain
Elkahky, Maged; Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Rome, Italy
✱ These authors have contributed equally to this work.
Language :
English
Title :
Biodiversity loss impacts top-down regulation of insect herbivores across ecosystem boundaries.
Original title :
[en] Biodiversity loss impacts top-down regulation of insect herbivores across ecosystem boundaries
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