[en] While comets eject mass mostly at cm-sizes and larger, that size range of particles is mostly absent from the interplanetary medium. Such particles are thought to be lost from the solar system by grain-grain collisions. Here, we investigate the lifetime of cm-sized meteoroids from their abundance in meteoroid streams of different age. For 487 streams, we measured the orbital element dispersions, the magnitude size distribution index, the ratio of fluffy and dense materials in the stream and their bulk densities, and the meteor light curve shape-parameter. We find that older long-period comet meteoroid streams tend to be more dispersed and evolve towards smaller semi-major axis, higher magnitude size distribution index, and contain relatively more high-density material. Meteoroids that approach the Sun closer than 0.2-0.3 AU are mostly young and composed of denser materials poor in sodium. We compare the observed properties of the streams to age estimates from the literature and to a set of new age estimates for long-period comet streams based on observed dispersions. We find that streams broaden with age inversely proportional to the perihelion distance (q). By selecting narrow ranges of age, we find that their magnitude distribution index changes proportional to 1/√q, less steep than expected from meteoroid destruction by collisions. Instead, this shallow dependence suggests a lifetime inversely proportional to the peak grain temperature along its orbit, with the lifetime limited by thermal stresses if 0.3 < q < 1.02 AU and by sublimation if q < 0.2 AU.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Jenniskens, Peter; SETI Institute, California
Pilorz, Stuart; SETI Institute, California
Gural, Peter S.; Gural Software and Analysis LLC, 12241 Eliza Court, Lovettsville, VA 20180, USA
Samuels, Dave; SETI Institute, California
Rau, Steve; CAMS BeNeLux, Am Ollenkamp 4, D 48599 Gronau, Germany
Abbott, Timothy M. C.; CAMS Chile, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
Albers, Jim; SETI Institute, California
Austin, Scott; Dep. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Central Arkansas, 201 Donaghey Ave, Conway, AR 72035, USA
Avner, Dan; LOCAMS, Lowell Observatory, 1400 West Mars Hill Road, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
Baggaley, Jack W.; CAMS New Zealand, Dept. of Physics &, Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
Beck, Tim; Mendocino College, 1000 Hensley Creek Road, Ukiah, CA 95482, USA
Blomquist, Solvay; LOCAMS, Lowell Observatory, 1400 West Mars Hill Road, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
Boyukata, Mustafa; CAMS Turkey, Yozgat Bozok University, Department of Physics, 66100 Yozgat, Turkey
Breukers, Martin; CAMS BeNeLux, Am Ollenkamp 4, D 48599 Gronau, Germany
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