Contamination; ED-XRF; Geo-accumulation index; Heavy metals pollution; Human health risk; Rocks; Barium; Metals, Heavy; Carcinogens; Trace Elements; Soil Pollutants; Soil; Child; Adult; Humans; Environmental Monitoring; Cameroon; Environmental Pollution/analysis; Carcinogens/analysis; Risk Assessment; China; Metals, Heavy/analysis; Soil Pollutants/analysis; Carcinogenic risk; Contamination factors; Human health risks; Potential risks; Rock sample; Trace elements concentration; Environmental Pollution; Environmental Science (all); Pollution; Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law; General Environmental Science; General Medicine
Abstract :
[en] The present study aimed to assess the ecological and health risks of the Pouma rock samples. Twenty-three (23) trace element concentrations were evaluated. The concentrations of these trace elements were compared with those of quartzite from other countries and with global reported values. When compared with the world values, the concentrations of trace metals were below the world average values except that of Barium. The ecological risk assessment was carried out using the geo-accumulation index, contamination factors and the potential ecological risk index. The geo-accumulation index and contamination factors showed that the quartzite of Pouma subdivision are not polluted and not contaminated by the investigated metal except for Barium and Mercury. The health risk assessment using the USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) method showed that there is a possible non-carcinogenic risk from Al2O3 (for children and adults) and from Cr for Children. However, there is a tolerable and high carcinogenic risk due to Cr for adults and children, respectively. It was found independently for non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk that the exposure via the ingestion route is the most dangerous for adults and children.
Disciplines :
Physics Environmental sciences & ecology
Author, co-author :
Degbe, Patricia-Laurelle ; Centre for Atomic Molecular Physics and Quantum Optics (CEPAMOQ), University of Douala, P.O. Box. 8085, Douala, Cameroon. degbe_patricia@yahoo.fr
Guembou Shouop, Cébastien Joel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Art, Archéologie et Patrimoine (AAP) ; National Radiation Protection Agency, P.O. Box. 33732, Yaounde, Cameroon
Bongue, Daniel; Centre for Atomic Molecular Physics and Quantum Optics (CEPAMOQ), University of Douala, P.O. Box. 8085, Douala, Cameroon ; Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box. 24157, Douala, Cameroon
Ndontchueng, Maurice Moyo; Centre for Atomic Molecular Physics and Quantum Optics (CEPAMOQ), University of Douala, P.O. Box. 8085, Douala, Cameroon ; Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box. 24157, Douala, Cameroon ; National Radiation Protection Agency, P.O. Box. 33732, Yaounde, Cameroon
Ngwa Ebongue, Alexandre; Centre for Atomic Molecular Physics and Quantum Optics (CEPAMOQ), University of Douala, P.O. Box. 8085, Douala, Cameroon ; Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box. 24157, Douala, Cameroon
Kwato Njock, Moïse Godfroy; Centre for Atomic Molecular Physics and Quantum Optics (CEPAMOQ), University of Douala, P.O. Box. 8085, Douala, Cameroon
Language :
English
Title :
Assessment of heavy metals' pollutions and potential risks associated to the rocks of Pouma subdivision-Cameroon.
This work was supported by the Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) through the Grant OEA-AF-12.The authors are grateful to the Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) for its support to the Centre for Atomic Molecular Physics and Quantum Optics (CEPAMOQ) of the University of Douala (Cameroon), through the OEA-AF-12 project, and to Dr. SIMO Augustin General Manager of National Radiation Protection Agency (NRPA) for given us the authorization Radioanalysis and Spectrometry Laboratory of the NRPA. We are also grateful to Mr. Abdoul NASSER BABA for his technical assistance during the Lab work, to Ms. DIAMARD Rachel for her contribution during the field trip and sample preparation. We would like to thank the local community for their guidance to reach the mining areas.
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