Accumulation; Heavy metals; Hydroponics; Phyto-extraction; Tagetes erecta L.; Wastewater; Antioxidants; Chromium; Reactive Oxygen Species; Citric Acid; Lead; Metals, Heavy; Soil Pollutants; Antioxidants/metabolism; Chromium/analysis; Ecosystem; Lead/analysis; Tagetes/metabolism; Metals, Heavy/analysis; Soil Pollutants/analysis; Tagetes; Environmental Chemistry; Pollution; Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis; General Medicine
Abstract :
[en] Contamination of land and aquatic ecosystems with heavy metals (HMs) is a global issue having the persistent potential to damage the quality of food and water. In the present study, Tagetes erecta L. plants were used to assess their potential to uptake HMs from wastewater. Plants were grown in soil for 20 days and then transplanted in hydroponic system containing Hoagland nutrient solution. After more than 15 days of growth, plants were then subjected to wastewater from tannery and surgical industries in different concentrations ranging from 25 to 100% in combination of citric acid (5 and 10 mM). After 6 weeks of treatment, plants were collected and segmented into roots, stem, and leaves for characterizing the morphological properties including plant height, roots length, fresh and dry mass of roots, stem, and leaves. For evaluation of the effect of wastewater on the plants, photosynthetic pigments; soluble proteins; reactive oxygen species (ROS); antioxidant enzymes SOD, POD, CAT, and APX; and metal accumulation were analyzed. Application of industrial wastewater revealed a significant effect on plant morphology under wastewater treatments. Overall growth and physiological attributes of plant decreased, and metal accumulation enhanced with increasing concentration of wastewater. Similarly, the production of ROS and antioxidant enzymes were also increased. Chlorophyll, protein content, and enzyme production enhanced with CA (5 and 10 mM) mediation; however, ROS production and EL were reduced. Metals analysis showed that the maximum accumulation of Pb was in roots, while Cr and Ni in the stem which further increased under CA mediation. Overall, the metal accumulation ability was in the order of Pb > Ni > Cr under CA.
Disciplines :
Environmental sciences & ecology
Author, co-author :
Fatima, Arooj; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
Farid, Mujahid ; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan. mujahid726@yahoo.com
Asam, Zaki Ul Zaman; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
Zubair, Muhammad; Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
Farid, Sheharyaar ; Earth and Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland ; Department of Biology, Ecology and Evolution, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
Abbas, Mohsin; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
Rizwan, Muhammad; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Ali, Shafaqat; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan ; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
Language :
English
Title :
Efficacy of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) for the treatment of tannery and surgical industry wastewater under citric acid amendment: a lab scale study.
This project was funded by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan under National Research Program for Universities (NRPU) grant No. HEC/R&D/NRPU/2017/8996. The authors, therefore, gratefully acknowledge HEC-Pakistan and University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan, for technical and financial support.The present study was supported by the HEC funder project 2017/HEC/R&D/NRPU/8996.
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