Human-Wildlife Conflicts (HWCs); Interdisciplinary approach; Local knowledge; Ocean-user’s representations; Réunion; Shark risk mitigation strategies; Ecology; Anthropology; Environmental Science (miscellaneous); Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous); Sociology and Political Science
Abstract :
[en] On the island of Réunion, a French overseas department located in the western Indian Ocean, a prefectorial decree taken by the authorities on July 26, 2013 has been reconducted for the past 10 years to forbid swimming and water-based activities, apart from the conditions set out in the injunction. This decision was the outcome of increased shark sightings and incidents causing, in particular, the deaths of 5 ocean users between 2011 and 2013. As a preliminary attempt to address the lack of empirical research on ocean users' social representations and their relationship to non-humans, this paper aims to primarily analyze thoroughly the issues of the acceptance of shark risk mitigation options. Data were gathered through a qualitative study that mobilized several ethnographic tools such as face-to-face semi-structured interviews, participant and non-participant observation as well as social media data survey. Results indicate that the many tensions generated by shark-human interactions (SHIs) on the island of Réunion are related to a lack of public consultation, thus calling the acceptance of the shark management strategy and the scientific recommendations into question. The findings may improve shark-human interactions management as we consider the management of risk as a process to develop a well-balanced way of living with the sharks where residual risk remains. This study contributes to the advancement of knowledge on the management of human-wildlife conflicts (HWCs) while the results tend to confirm the findings of many other studies showing that they are often rooted in human-human conflicts.
Disciplines :
Anthropology Environmental sciences & ecology
Author, co-author :
Pinel, Romain; University of La Réunion, Department of Physical and Sporting Activity Sciences and Techniques, Le Tampon, France
Additionally, there is already a research project in humanities and social science aimed at consulting stakeholders and users of the marine environment (Jaccoud, ), which was financed by the French authorities. Finally, the security measures put in place on the western beaches and the associated economic costs may seem excessive in relation to the number of beneficiaries (e.g. Table : observation of the "shark watch" system).
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