Locus coeruleus features are linked to vagus nerve stimulation response in drug-resistant epilepsy

Berger, Alexandre; Beckers, Elise; Joris, Vincent; Duchêne, Gaëtan; Danthine, Venethia; Delinte, Nicolas; Cakiroglu, Inci; Sherif, Siya; Morrison, Enrique Ignacio Germany; Sánchez, Andres Torres; Macq, Benoit; Dricot, Laurence; Vandewalle, Gilles; El Tahry, Riëm

doi:10.3389/fnins.2024.1296161

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Locus coeruleus features are linked to vagus nerve stimulation response in drug-resistant epilepsy

Berger, Alexandre; Beckers, Elise; Joris, Vincent et al.

2024 • In Frontiers in Neuroscience, 18

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10.3389/fnins.2024.1296161

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General Neuroscience

Abstract :

[en] The locus coeruleus–norepinephrine system is thought to be involved in the clinical effects of vagus nerve stimulation. This system is known to prevent seizure development and induce long-term plastic changes, particularly with the release of norepinephrine in the hippocampus. However, the requisites to become responder to the therapy and the mechanisms of action are still under investigation. Using MRI, we assessed the structural and functional characteristics of the locus coeruleus and microstructural properties of locus coeruleus-hippocampus white matter tracts in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy responding or not to the therapy. Twenty-three drug-resistant epileptic patients with cervical vagus nerve stimulation were recruited for this pilot study, including 13 responders or partial responders and 10 non-responders. A dedicated structural MRI acquisition allowed in vivo localization of the locus coeruleus and computation of its contrast (an accepted marker of LC integrity). Locus coeruleus activity was estimated using functional MRI during an auditory oddball task. Finally, multi-shell diffusion MRI was used to estimate the structural properties of locus coeruleus-hippocampus tracts. These characteristics were compared between responders/partial responders and non-responders and their association with therapy duration was also explored. In patients with a better response to the therapy, trends toward a lower activity and a higher contrast were found in the left medial and right caudal portions of the locus coeruleus, respectively. An increased locus coeruleus contrast, bilaterally over its medial portions, correlated with duration of the treatment. Finally, a higher integrity of locus coeruleus-hippocampus connections was found in patients with a better response to the treatment. These new insights into the neurobiology of vagus nerve stimulation may provide novel markers of the response to the treatment and may reflect neuroplasticity effects occurring in the brain following the implantation.

Research Center/Unit :

CRC - Centre de Recherches du Cyclotron - ULiège

Disciplines :

Neurology

Author, co-author :

Berger, Alexandre

Beckers, Elise ; Université de Liège - ULiège > GIGA

Joris, Vincent

Duchêne, Gaëtan

Danthine, Venethia

Delinte, Nicolas

Cakiroglu, Inci

Sherif, Siya

Morrison, Enrique Ignacio Germany

Sánchez, Andres Torres

More authors (4 more)

^✱ These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Language :

English

Title :

Locus coeruleus features are linked to vagus nerve stimulation response in drug-resistant epilepsy

Publication date :

13 February 2024

Journal title :

Frontiers in Neuroscience

ISSN :

1662-4548

eISSN :

1662-453X

Publisher :

Frontiers Media SA

Volume :

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2024.1296161/full

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since 23 February 2024

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