In situ resource utilization; Lolium multiflorum; Martian regolith simulants; Microscopy; Proteomics; qPCR; Humans; Extraterrestrial Environment/chemistry; Italy; Lolium; Mars; Space Flight; Deep space; Gene expression analysis; In-situ resource utilizations; Italian ryegrass; Martian regolith; Martian regolith simulant; Molecular data; Extraterrestrial Environment; Environmental Engineering; Environmental Chemistry; Waste Management and Disposal; Pollution
Abstract :
[en] In the last decade, the exploration of deep space has become the objective of the national space programs of many countries. The International Space Exploration Coordination Group has set a roadmap whose long-range strategy envisions the expansion of human presence in the solar system to progress with exploration and knowledge and to accelerate innovation. Crewed missions to Mars could be envisaged by 2040. In this scenario, finding ways to use the local resources for the provision of food, construction materials, propellants, pharmaceuticals is needed. Plants are important resources for deep space manned missions because they produce phytochemicals of pharmaceutical relevance, are sources of food and provide oxygen which is crucial in bioregenerative life support systems. Growth analysis and plant biomass yield have been previously evaluated on Martian regolith simulants; however, molecular approaches employing gene expression analysis and proteomics are still missing. The present work aims at filling this gap by providing molecular data on a representative member of the Poaceae, Lolium multiflorum Lam., grown on potting soil and a Martian regolith simulant (MMS-1). The molecular data were complemented with optical microscopy of root/leaf tissues and physico-chemical analyses. The results show that the plants grew for 2 weeks on regolith simulants. The leaves were bent downwards and chlorotic, the roots developed a lacunar aerenchyma and small brownish deposits containing Fe were observed. Gene expression analysis and proteomics revealed changes in transcripts related to the phenylpropanoid pathway, stress response, primary metabolism and proteins involved in translation and DNA methylation. Additionally, the growth of plants slightly but significantly modified the pH of the regolith simulants. The results here presented constitute a useful resource to get a comprehensive understanding of the major factors impacting the growth of plants on MMS-1.
Disciplines :
Environmental sciences & ecology
Author, co-author :
Berni, Roberto; Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg
Leclercq, Céline C; Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg
Roux, Philippe ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Echanges Eau - Sol - Plantes
Hausman, Jean-Francois; Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg
Renaut, Jenny; Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg
Guerriero, Gea; Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg. Electronic address: gea.guerriero@list.lu
Language :
English
Title :
A molecular study of Italian ryegrass grown on Martian regolith simulant.
The authors thank Dr. Jean-Thomas Cornélis for the pre-submission review and the insightful comments. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sector.
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