[fr] Les eaux de fonte générées en surface de la calotte du Groenland peuvent s’infiltrer en profondeur au sein du manteau neigeux et y être retenues. Récemment, des épisodes de fonte ont pu être observés dans des zones élevées de la calotte où tout au long d’une année, aucune fonte n’apparaît généralement avec un manteau neigeux constitué de neige fraîche et poreuse à son sommet, nommé firn. Pour simuler le bilan de masse en surface (SMB) futur de la calotte, cette rétention doit être prise en compte. Le modèle climatique régional MAR a été utilisé pour la réalisation de simulations jusqu’en 2300 afin d’en attester la sensibilité au paramètre de contenu en eau dans le manteau neigeux. Les résultats montrent qu’en fonction de la valeur initiale donnée à ce paramètre, le ruissellement simulé en surface varie fortement, cela étant majoritairement dû à une rétroaction d’albédo. Néanmoins, à ces altitudes, même sur le long terme, la capacité de rétention du manteau neigeux limite l’apport de ces plus hautes zones vers les marges de la calotte.
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